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In recent years, soft prompt learning methods have been proposed to fine-tune large-scale vision-language pre-trained models for various downstream tasks. These methods typically combine learnable textual tokens with class tokens as input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Yingjie Tian , Yiqi Wang , Xianda Guo , Zheng Zhu , Long Chen

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have shown strong generalization under zero-shot settings, yet adapting them to downstream tasks with limited supervision remains a significant challenge. Existing multi-modal prompt learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Silin Cheng , Kai Han

Learning multi-modal representations is an essential step towards real-world robotic applications, and various multi-modal fusion models have been developed for this purpose. However, we observe that existing models, whose objectives are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Chenzhuang Du , Tingle Li , Yichen Liu , Zixin Wen , Tianyu Hua , Yue Wang , Hang Zhao

Prompt tuning, like CoOp, has recently shown promising vision recognizing and transfer learning ability on various downstream tasks with the emergence of large pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP. However, we identify that existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yongzhu Miao , Shasha Li , Jintao Tang , Ting Wang

With the advent of vision-language models (VLMs) that can perform in-context and prompt-based learning, how can we design prompting approaches that robustly generalize to distribution shift and can be used on novel classes outside the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jindong Gu , Ahmad Beirami , Xuezhi Wang , Alex Beutel , Philip Torr , Yao Qin

Multimodal deep learning systems which employ multiple modalities like text, image, audio, video, etc., are showing better performance in comparison with individual modalities (i.e., unimodal) systems. Multimodal machine learning involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Anil Rahate , Rahee Walambe , Sheela Ramanna , Ketan Kotecha

Recent research has made impressive progress in large-scale multimodal pre-training. In the context of the rapid growth of model size, it is necessary to seek efficient and flexible methods other than finetuning. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Sheng Liang , Mengjie Zhao , Hinrich Schütze

Multimodal learning assumes all modality combinations of interest are available during training to learn cross-modal correspondences. In this paper, we challenge this modality-complete assumption for multimodal learning and instead strive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yunhua Zhang , Hazel Doughty , Cees G. M. Snoek

Multimodal learning has achieved great successes in many scenarios. Compared with unimodal learning, it can effectively combine the information from different modalities to improve the performance of learning tasks. In reality, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Fei Ma , Xiangxiang Xu , Shao-Lun Huang , Lin Zhang

Multimodal learning, which integrates diverse data sources such as images, text, and structured data, has proven superior to unimodal counterparts in high-stakes decision-making. However, while performance gains remain the gold standard for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Kishore Sampath , Pratheesh , Ayaazuddin Mohammad , Resmi Ramachandranpillai

Current RGBT tracking research relies on the complete multi-modal input, but modal information might miss due to some factors such as thermal sensor self-calibration and data transmission error, called modality-missing challenge in this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Andong Lu , Jiacong Zhao , Chenglong Li , Jin Tang , Bin Luo

Due to the rapid development of computer vision, single-modal (RGB) object tracking has made significant progress in recent years. Considering the limitation of single imaging sensor, multi-modal images (RGB, Infrared, etc.) are introduced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Bing Cao , Junliang Guo , Pengfei Zhu , Qinghua Hu

Visual prompting infuses visual information into the input image to adapt models toward specific predictions and tasks. Recently, manually crafted markers such as red circles are shown to guide the model to attend to a target region on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Razieh Rezaei , Masoud Jalili Sabet , Jindong Gu , Daniel Rueckert , Philip Torr , Ashkan Khakzar

Multimodal models integrating natural language and visual information have substantially improved generalization of representation models. However, their effectiveness significantly declines in real-world situations where certain modalities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jiajun Chen , Sai Cheng , Yutao Yuan , Yirui Zhang , Haitao Yuan , Peng Peng , Yi Zhong

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated promising versatile capabilities, their performance is still inferior to specialized models on downstream tasks, which makes adaptation necessary to enhance their utility.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Siyuan Zhang , Tianzan Min , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Visual anomaly detection in multi-class settings poses significant challenges due to the diversity of object categories, the scarcity of anomalous examples, and the presence of camouflaged defects. In this paper, we propose PromptMAD, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Duncan McCain , Hossein Kashiani , Fatemeh Afghah

Multimodal learning with incomplete input data (missing modality) is practical and challenging. In this work, we conduct an in-depth analysis of this challenge and find that modality dominance has a significant negative impact on the model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Hao Wang , Shengda Luo , Guosheng Hu , Jianguo Zhang

Adapting pre-trained models to open classes is a challenging problem in machine learning. Vision-language models fully explore the knowledge of text modality, demonstrating strong zero-shot recognition performance, which is naturally suited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zhengqing Gao , Xiang Ao , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Continual learning is essential for adapting models to new tasks while retaining previously acquired knowledge. While existing approaches predominantly focus on uni-modal data, multi-modal learning offers substantial benefits by utilizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Evelyn Chee , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

Multimodal learning (MML) aims to jointly exploit the common priors of different modalities to compensate for their inherent limitations. However, existing MML methods often optimize a uniform objective for different modalities, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yunfeng Fan , Wenchao Xu , Haozhao Wang , Junxiao Wang , Song Guo