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As a pioneering vision-language model, CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) has achieved significant success across various domains and a wide range of downstream vision-language tasks. However, the text encoders in popular CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Mothilal Asokan , Kebin Wu , Fatima Albreiki

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) stands as one of the most effective and scalable methods for training transferable vision models using paired image and text data. CLIP models are trained using contrastive loss, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Lijie Fan , Dilip Krishnan , Phillip Isola , Dina Katabi , Yonglong Tian

Backdoor attacks become a significant security concern for deep neural networks in recent years. An image classification model can be compromised if malicious backdoors are injected into it. This corruption will cause the model to function…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Hongwei Zhang , Xiaoyin Xu , Dongsheng An , Xianfeng Gu , Min Zhang

Despite the strong multimodal performance, large vision-language models (LVLMs) are vulnerable during fine-tuning to backdoor attacks, where adversaries insert trigger-embedded samples into the training data to implant behaviors that can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhifang Zhang , Bojun Yang , Shuo He , Weitong Chen , Wei Emma Zhang , Olaf Maennel , Lei Feng , Miao Xu

The well-aligned attribute of CLIP-based models enables its effective application like CLIPscore as a widely adopted image quality assessment metric. However, such a CLIP-based metric is vulnerable for its delicate multimodal alignment. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yulin Chen , Zeyuan Wang , Tianyuan Yu , Yingmei Wei , Liang Bai

In recent literature, few-shot classification has predominantly been defined by the N-way k-shot meta-learning problem. Models designed for this purpose are usually trained to excel on standard benchmarks following a restricted setup,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Constance Ferragu , Philomene Chagniot , Vincent Coyette

Modern NLP models are often trained over large untrusted datasets, raising the potential for a malicious adversary to compromise model behaviour. For instance, backdoors can be implanted through crafting training instances with a specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Xuanli He , Qiongkai Xu , Jun Wang , Benjamin Rubinstein , Trevor Cohn

Recently, large-scale Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has attracted unprecedented attention for its impressive zero-shot recognition ability and excellent transferability to downstream tasks. However, CLIP is quite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Yangguang Li , Feng Liang , Lichen Zhao , Yufeng Cui , Wanli Ouyang , Jing Shao , Fengwei Yu , Junjie Yan

Fonts convey different impressions to readers. These impressions often come from the font shapes. However, the correlation between fonts and their impression is weak and unstable because impressions are subjective. To capture such weak and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yugo Kubota , Daichi Haraguchi , Seiichi Uchida

Adopting contrastive image-text pretrained models like CLIP towards video classification has gained attention due to its cost-effectiveness and competitive performance. However, recent works in this area face a trade-off. Finetuning the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Syed Talal Wasim , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Mubarak Shah

In this paper, we demonstrate that CLIP can also be adapted to downstream tasks where its vision-language alignment is suboptimally learned during pre-training on web-crawled data, all without requiring fine-tuning. We explore the case of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Sohee Kim , Jisu Kang , Dunam Kim , Seokju Lee

Split Learning (SL) offers a framework for collaborative model training that respects data privacy by allowing participants to share the same dataset while maintaining distinct feature sets. However, SL is susceptible to backdoor attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhihao Dou , Dongfei Cui , Weida Wang , Anjun Gao , Yueyang Quan , Mengyao Ma , Viet Vo , Guangdong Bai , Zhuqing Liu , Minghong Fang

Self-supervised contrastive learning models, such as CLIP, have set new benchmarks for vision-language models in many downstream tasks. However, their dependency on rigid one-to-one mappings overlooks the complex and often multifaceted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yiming Zhang , Zhuokai Zhao , Zhaorun Chen , Zhili Feng , Zenghui Ding , Yining Sun

Recently, contrastive learning approaches (e.g., CLIP (Radford et al., 2021)) have received huge success in multimodal learning, where the model tries to minimize the distance between the representations of different views (e.g., image and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Yunwei Ren , Yuanzhi Li

Deep Learning (DL) is undergoing a paradigm shift with the emergence of foundation models. In this work, we focus on Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP), a Vision-Language foundation model that achieves high accuracy across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Angelos Zavras , Dimitrios Michail , Begüm Demir , Ioannis Papoutsis

Virtual screening aims to efficiently identify active ligands from massive chemical libraries for a given target pocket. Recent CLIP-style models such as DrugCLIP enable scalable virtual screening by embedding pockets and ligands into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Anjie Qiao , Zhen Wang , Yaliang Li , Jiahua Rao , Yuedong Yang

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has made a remarkable breakthrough in open-vocabulary zero-shot image recognition. Many recent studies leverage the pre-trained CLIP models for image-level classification and manipulation. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Chong Zhou , Chen Change Loy , Bo Dai

Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) is a powerful vision-language model that has shown great benefits for various tasks. However, we have identified some issues with its explainability, which undermine its credibility and limit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yi Li , Hualiang Wang , Yiqun Duan , Jiheng Zhang , Xiaomeng Li

Continual learning (CL) enables deep networks to acquire new knowledge while avoiding catastrophic forgetting. The powerful generalization ability of pre-trained models (PTMs), such as the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Haodong Lu , Xinyu Zhang , Kristen Moore , Jason Xue , Lina Yao , Anton van den Hengel , Dong Gong

Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) serves as a de-facto standard to align images and texts. Nonetheless, the loose correlation between images and texts of web-crawled data renders the contrastive objective data inefficient and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Jinghao Zhou , Li Dong , Zhe Gan , Lijuan Wang , Furu Wei