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A common theme in causal inference is learning causal relationships between observed variables, also known as causal discovery. This is usually a daunting task, given the large number of candidate causal graphs and the combinatorial nature…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-11 Romain Lopez , Jan-Christian Hütter , Jonathan K. Pritchard , Aviv Regev

The problem of learning structural equation models (SEMs) from data is a fundamental problem in causal inference. We develop a new algorithm --- which is computationally and statistically efficient and works in the high-dimensional regime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Asish Ghoshal , Jean Honorio

Deep neural networks trained with standard cross-entropy loss are more prone to memorize noisy labels, which degrades their performance. Negative learning using complementary labels is more robust when noisy labels intervene but with an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Chen-Chen Zong , Zheng-Tao Cao , Hong-Tao Guo , Yun Du , Ming-Kun Xie , Shao-Yuan Li , Sheng-Jun Huang

We propose a novel score-based approach to learning a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from observational data. We adapt a recently proposed continuous constrained optimization formulation to allow for nonlinear relationships between variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Sébastien Lachapelle , Philippe Brouillard , Tristan Deleu , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Causal discovery, the task of inferring causal structure from data, has the potential to uncover mechanistic insights from biological experiments, especially those involving perturbations. However, causal discovery algorithms over larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Menghua Wu , Yujia Bao , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Causal discovery aims to learn causal relationships between variables from targeted data, making it a fundamental task in machine learning. However, causal discovery algorithms often rely on unverifiable causal assumptions, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Huiyang Yi , Yanyan He , Duxin Chen , Mingyu Kang , He Wang , Wenwu Yu

Learning a faithful directed acyclic graph (DAG) from samples of a joint distribution is a challenging combinatorial problem, owing to the intractable search space superexponential in the number of graph nodes. A recent breakthrough…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Yue Yu , Jie Chen , Tian Gao , Mo Yu

A structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) process is a linear causal model for variables that evolve over a discrete set of time points and between which there may be lagged and instantaneous effects. The qualitative causal structure of an…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-19 Nicolas-Domenic Reiter , Jonas Wahl , Andreas Gerhardus , Jakob Runge

Inferring causal relationships as directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) is an important but challenging problem. Differentiable Causal Discovery (DCD) is a promising approach to this problem, framing the search as a continuous optimization. But…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Achille Nazaret , Justin Hong , Elham Azizi , David Blei

Discovering the causality from observational data is a crucial task in various scientific domains. With increasing awareness of privacy, data are not allowed to be exposed, and it is very hard to learn causal graphs from dispersed data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Dezhi Yang , Xintong He , Jun Wang , Guoxian Yu , Carlotta Domeniconi , Jinglin Zhang

Directed acyclic graphical (DAG) models are a powerful tool for representing causal relationships among jointly distributed random variables, especially concerning data from across different experimental settings. However, it is not always…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-03 Francisco Madaleno , Pratik Misra , Alex Markham

Given data sampled from a number of variables, one is often interested in the underlying causal relationships in the form of a directed acyclic graph. In the general case, without interventions on some of the variables it is only possible…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-05 Christopher Nowzohour , Peter Bühlmann

Collaboration between different data centers is often challenged by heterogeneity across sites. To account for the heterogeneity, the state-of-the-art method is to re-weight the covariate distributions in each site to match the distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-25 Tianyu Guo , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Michael I. Jordan

We propose a joint order-based scoring framework for causal structure learning of directed acyclic graph (DAG) models under heterogeneous data settings. We show that leveraging heterogeneity improves the accuracy of causal ordering…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Hyunwoong Chang , Fariha Taskin

Causal structure learning from observational data remains a non-trivial task due to various factors such as finite sampling, unobserved confounding factors, and measurement errors. Constraint-based and score-based methods tend to suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Rezaur Rashid , Jawad Chowdhury , Gabriel Terejanu

Causal structure discovery from observational data is fundamental to the causal understanding of autonomous systems such as medical decision support systems, advertising campaigns and self-driving cars. This is essential to solve well-known…

Causal discovery from observational data is a fundamental task in artificial intelligence, with far-reaching implications for decision-making, predictions, and interventions. Despite significant advances, existing methods can be broadly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jincheng Zhou , Mengbo Wang , Anqi He , Yumeng Zhou , Hessam Olya , Murat Kocaoglu , Bruno Ribeiro

If $X,Y,Z$ denote sets of random variables, two different data sources may contain samples from $P_{X,Y}$ and $P_{Y,Z}$, respectively. We argue that causal discovery can help inferring properties of the `unobserved joint distributions'…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-12 Dominik Janzing , Philipp M. Faller , Leena Chennuru Vankadara

Causal structure learning has been a challenging task in the past decades and several mainstream approaches such as constraint- and score-based methods have been studied with theoretical guarantees. Recently, a new approach has transformed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Ignavier Ng , Shengyu Zhu , Zhitang Chen , Zhuangyan Fang

This paper studies graph-based active learning, where the goal is to reconstruct a binary signal defined on the nodes of a weighted graph, by sampling it on a small subset of the nodes. A new sampling algorithm is proposed, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-19 Eyal En Gad , Akshay Gadde , A. Salman Avestimehr , Antonio Ortega