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Presently, self-training stands as a prevailing approach in cross-domain semantic segmentation, enhancing model efficacy by training with pixels assigned with reliable pseudo-labels. However, we find two critical limitations in this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Dong Zhao , Ruizhi Yang , Shuang Wang , Qi Zang , Yang Hu , Licheng Jiao , Nicu Sebe , Zhun Zhong

Leveraging weak or noisy supervision for building effective machine learning models has long been an important research problem. Its importance has further increased recently due to the growing need for large-scale datasets to train deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Guoqing Zheng , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Susan Dumais

A consistent trend throughout the research of oriented object detection has been the pursuit of maintaining comparable performance with fewer and weaker annotations. This is particularly crucial in the remote sensing domain, where the dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wei Zhang , Xiang Liu , Ningjing Liu , Mingxin Liu , Wei Liao , Chunyan Xu , Xue Yang

Semi-supervised learning in automatic speech recognition (ASR) typically relies on pseudo-labeling, which often suffers from confirmation bias and error accumulation due to noisy supervision. To address this limitation, we propose ReHear, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zefang Liu , Chenyang Zhu , Sangwoo Cho , Shi-Xiong Zhang

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms struggle to perform well when exposed to imbalanced training data. In this scenario, the generated pseudo-labels can exhibit a bias towards the majority class, and models that employ these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zeju Li , Ying-Qiu Zheng , Chen Chen , Saad Jbabdi

To safely deploy autonomous vehicles, onboard perception systems must work reliably at high accuracy across a diverse set of environments and geographies. One of the most common techniques to improve the efficacy of such systems in new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Benjamin Caine , Rebecca Roelofs , Vijay Vasudevan , Jiquan Ngiam , Yuning Chai , Zhifeng Chen , Jonathon Shlens

Recent studies have shown that the benefits provided by self-supervised pre-training and self-training (pseudo-labeling) are complementary. Semi-supervised fine-tuning strategies under the pre-training framework, however, remain…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Bowen Zhang , Songjun Cao , Xiaoming Zhang , Yike Zhang , Long Ma , Takahiro Shinozaki

Unsupervised Camoflaged Object Detection (UCOD) has gained attention since it doesn't need to rely on extensive pixel-level labels. Existing UCOD methods typically generate pseudo-labels using fixed strategies and train 1 x1 convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Weiqi Yan , Lvhai Chen , Huaijia Kou , Shengchuan Zhang , Yan Zhang , Liujuan Cao

Recent Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SS-OD) methods are mainly based on self-training, i.e., generating hard pseudo-labels by a teacher model on unlabeled data as supervisory signals. Although they achieved certain success, the limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Qiushan Guo , Yao Mu , Jianyu Chen , Tianqi Wang , Yizhou Yu , Ping Luo

Pseudo-labeling (PL), a semi-supervised learning (SSL) method where a seed model performs self-training using pseudo-labels generated from untranscribed speech, has been shown to enhance the performance of end-to-end automatic speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-12 Yosuke Higuchi , Niko Moritz , Jonathan Le Roux , Takaaki Hori

Semi-supervised learning is a critical tool in reducing machine learning's dependence on labeled data. It has been successfully applied to structured data, such as images and natural language, by exploiting the inherent spatial and semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Vu Nguyen , Hisham Husain , Sachin Farfade , Anton van den Hengel

Semi-supervised learning is attracting blooming attention, due to its success in combining unlabeled data. However, pseudo-labeling-based semi-supervised approaches suffer from two problems in image classification: (1) Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Xuerong Zhang , Li Huang , Jing Lv , Ming Yang

Semi-supervised object detection (SSOD) is a research hot spot in computer vision, which can greatly reduce the requirement for expensive bounding-box annotations. Despite great success, existing progress mainly focuses on two-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Gen Luo , Yiyi Zhou , Lei Jin , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

There is a family of label modification approaches including self and non-self label correction (LC), and output regularisation. They are widely used for training robust deep neural networks (DNNs), but have not been mathematically and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Xinshao Wang , Yang Hua , Elyor Kodirov , Sankha Subhra Mukherjee , David A. Clifton , Neil M. Robertson

Pseudo-labeling (PL) has been shown to be effective in semi-supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR), where a base model is self-trained with pseudo-labels generated from unlabeled data. While PL can be further improved by iteratively…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Yosuke Higuchi , Niko Moritz , Jonathan Le Roux , Takaaki Hori

When there are unlabeled Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) data from other classes, Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) methods suffer from severe performance degradation and even get worse than merely training on labeled data. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Lu Han , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Positive and Unlabeled (PU) learning, a binary classification model trained with only positive and unlabeled data, generally suffers from overfitted risk estimation due to inconsistent data distributions. To address this, we introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Chengjie Wang , Chengming Xu , Zhenye Gan , Jianlong Hu , Wenbing Zhu , Lizhuag Ma

Current Semi-supervised Learning (SSL) adopts the pseudo-labeling strategy and further filters pseudo-labels based on confidence thresholds. However, this mechanism has notable drawbacks: 1) setting the reasonable threshold is an open…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jiaqi Wu , Junbiao Pang , Qingming Huang

To learn target discriminative representations, using pseudo-labels is a simple yet effective approach for unsupervised domain adaptation. However, the existence of false pseudo-labels, which may have a detrimental influence on learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Jaehoon Choi , Minki Jeong , Taekyung Kim , Changick Kim

Deep learning has emerged as an effective solution for solving the task of object detection in images but at the cost of requiring large labeled datasets. To mitigate this cost, semi-supervised object detection methods, which consist in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Renaud Vandeghen , Gilles Louppe , Marc Van Droogenbroeck