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Creating materials with time-variant properties is critical for breaking reciprocity that imposes fundamental limitations to wave propagation. However, it is challenging to realize efficient and ultrafast temporal modulation in a photonic…
Energy conversion in a physical system requires time-translation invariance breaking according to Noether's theorem. Closely associated with this symmetry-conservation relation, the frequencies of electromagnetic waves are found to be…
A software-defined 2-bit Programmable Transmit Metamaterial (PTM) array surface with beam steering capabilities is proposed for indoor dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) applications. The novel metamaterial unit cell structure is…
Metasurfaces have drawn significant attentions due to their superior capability in tailoring electromagnetic waves with a wide frequency range, from microwave to visible light. Recently, programmable metasurfaces have demonstrated the…
Metamaterials can enable peculiar static and dynamic behavior (such as negative effective mass density, dynamical stiffness, and Poisson's ratio) due to their geometry rather than their chemical composition. The geometry of these…
Spatiotemporal metasurfaces offer unique opportunities for wave manipulation, however, their practical realization is often constrained by the requirement for in-plane spatial modulation, which necessitates a large number of time-varying…
Manipulation of wave-matter interactions in systems with loss and gain have opened new mechanisms to control wave propagation at will. Metamaterials and metasurfaces having spatially inhomogeneous loss and gain have been studied in the past…
The metasurface concept has emerged as an advantageous reconfigurable antenna architecture for beam forming and wavefront shaping, with applications that include satellite and terrestrial communications, radar, imaging, and wireless power…
To support faster and more efficient networks, mobile operators and service providers are bringing 5G millimeter wave (mmWave) networks indoors. However, due to their high directionality, mmWave links are extremely vulnerable to blockage by…
Metamaterials and metasurfaces are designed by periodically arranged subwavelength geometries, allowing a tailored manipulation of the electromagnetic response of matter. Here, we exploit temporal variations of permittivity inside…
Electromagnetically programmable information metasurfaces, as dynamically controllable 2D metamaterials, hold significant promise as low-profile hardware enabling passive wave control and signal generation for backscatter systems. However,…
Space-time modulated metasurfaces (STMMs) are a recently proposed generalization of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, which include a proper time-varying phase at the metasurface elements, enabling higher flexibility and control of the…
Digital metasurfaces have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their ability to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves for secure sensing and communication. However, most reported metasurfaces operate at relatively high…
Considering the rapid progress of theory, design, fabrication and applications, metasurface (MTS) has become a new research frontier in microwave, terahertz and optical bands. Reconfigurable metasurface (R-MTS) can dynamically modulate…
As artificial structures, metamaterials are usually described by macroscopic effective medium parameters, which are named as "analog metamaterials". Here, we propose "digital metamaterials" in two steps. Firstly, we present "coding…
Recently, the investigation of metasurface has been extended to wave control through exploiting nonlinearity. Among all of the ways to achieve tunable metasurfaces with multiplexed performances, nonlinearity is one of the promising choices.…
Metasurfaces, the two-dimensional counterpart of metamaterials, have caught great attention thanks to their powerful capabilities on manipulation of electromagnetic waves. Recent times have seen the emergence of a variety of metasurfaces…
Fully harnessing the vast design space enabled by metamaterials to control electromagnetic (EM) fields remains an open problem for researchers. Inverse-design techniques have shown to best exploit the degrees of freedom available in design,…
Multiple antenna (MIMO) devices are widely used to increase reliability and information bit rate. Optimal error rate performance (full diversity and large coding gain), for unknown channel state information at the transmitter and for…
With the versatile manipulation capability, programmable metasurfaces are rapidly advancing in their intelligence, integration, and commercialization levels. However, as the programmable metasurfaces scale up, their control configuration…