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Related papers: Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Multilingual Hate…

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Online hate remains a significant societal challenge, especially as multimodal content enables subtle, culturally grounded, and implicit forms of harm. Hateful memes embed hostility through text-image interactions and humor, making them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Sahajpreet Singh , Kokil Jaidka , Subhayan Mukerjee

Text-embedded images can serve as a means of spreading hate speech, propaganda, and extremist beliefs. Throughout the Russia-Ukraine war, both opposing factions heavily relied on text-embedded images as a vehicle for spreading propaganda…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Umitcan Sahin , Izzet Emre Kucukkaya , Oguzhan Ozcelik , Cagri Toraman

Multimodal hateful content detection is a challenging task that requires complex reasoning across visual and textual modalities. Therefore, creating a meaningful multimodal representation that effectively captures the interplay between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Eftekhar Hossain , Omar Sharif , Mohammed Moshiul Hoque , Sarah M. Preum

Social media often serves as a breeding ground for various hateful and offensive content. Identifying such content on social media is crucial due to its impact on the race, gender, or religion in an unprejudiced society. However, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Mithun Das , Somnath Banerjee , Punyajoy Saha , Animesh Mukherjee

Hate speech online remains an understudied issue for marginalized communities, particularly in the Global South, which includes developing societies with increasing internet penetration. In this paper, we aim to provide marginalized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Haotian Ye , Axel Wisiorek , Antonis Maronikolakis , Özge Alaçam , Hinrich Schütze

Hateful memes have emerged as a significant concern on the Internet. Detecting hateful memes requires the system to jointly understand the visual and textual modalities. Our investigation reveals that the embedding space of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jingbiao Mei , Jinghong Chen , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne , Marcus Tomalin

The pervasiveness of the Internet and social media have enabled the rapid and anonymous spread of Hate Speech content on microblogging platforms such as Twitter. Current EU and US legislation against hateful language, in conjunction with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Chrysoula Themeli , George Giannakopoulos , Nikiforos Pittaras

Hateful Memes is a new challenge set for multimodal classification, focusing on detecting hate speech in multimodal memes. Difficult examples are added to the dataset to make it hard to rely on unimodal signals, which means only multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Xiayu Zhong

Content moderation faces a challenging task as social media's ability to spread hate speech contrasts with its role in promoting global connectivity. With rapidly evolving slang and hate speech, the adaptability of conventional deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Paras Sheth , Tharindu Kumarage , Raha Moraffah , Aman Chadha , Huan Liu

Social media platforms are increasingly dominated by long-form multimodal content, where harmful narratives are constructed through a complex interplay of audio, visual, and textual cues. While automated systems can flag hate speech with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Girish A. Koushik , Helen Treharne , Diptesh Kanojia

Despite the extensive communication benefits offered by social media platforms, numerous challenges must be addressed to ensure user safety. One of the most significant risks faced by users on these platforms is targeted hate speech. Social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Sadar Jaf , Basel Barakat

There is a rapid increase in the use of multimedia content in current social media platforms. One of the highly popular forms of such multimedia content are memes. While memes have been primarily invented to promote funny and buoyant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Naquee Rizwan , Paramananda Bhaskar , Mithun Das , Swadhin Satyaprakash Majhi , Punyajoy Saha , Animesh Mukherjee

As pointed out by several scholars, current research on hate speech (HS) recognition is characterized by unsystematic data creation strategies and diverging annotation schemata. Subsequently, supervised-learning models tend to generalize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yiping Jin , Leo Wanner , Vishakha Laxman Kadam , Alexander Shvets

Cultural context profoundly shapes how people interpret online content, yet vision-language models (VLMs) remain predominantly trained through Western or English-centric lenses. This limits their fairness and cross-cultural robustness in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mo Wang , Kaixuan Ren , Pratik Jalan , Ahmed Ashraf , Tuong Vy Vu , Rahul Seetharaman , Shah Nawaz , Usman Naseem

With the spreading of hate speech on social media in recent years, automatic detection of hate speech is becoming a crucial task and has attracted attention from various communities. This task aims to recognize online posts (e.g., tweets)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Jiaxuan Li , Yue Ning

Hate speech has grown significantly on social media, causing serious consequences for victims of all demographics. Despite much attention being paid to characterize and detect discriminatory speech, most work has focused on explicit or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Mai ElSherief , Caleb Ziems , David Muchlinski , Vaishnavi Anupindi , Jordyn Seybolt , Munmun De Choudhury , Diyi Yang

The proliferation of hate speech on social media necessitates automated detection systems that balance accuracy with computational efficiency. This study evaluates 38 model configurations in detecting hate speech across datasets ranging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Mahmoud Abusaqer , Jamil Saquer , Hazim Shatnawi

In the wake of a polarizing election, the cyber world is laden with hate speech. Context accompanying a hate speech text is useful for identifying hate speech, which however has been largely overlooked in existing datasets and hate speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Lei Gao , Ruihong Huang

The ubiquity of social media has transformed online interactions among individuals. Despite positive effects, it has also allowed anti-social elements to unite in alternative social media environments (eg. Gab.com) like never before.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Michael Ridenhour , Arunkumar Bagavathi , Elaheh Raisi , Siddharth Krishnan

Current research on hate speech analysis is typically oriented towards monolingual and single classification tasks. In this paper, we present a new multilingual multi-aspect hate speech analysis dataset and use it to test the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Nedjma Ousidhoum , Zizheng Lin , Hongming Zhang , Yangqiu Song , Dit-Yan Yeung