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Based on the Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM), medical image segmentation can be described as a conditional image generation task, which allows to compute pixel-wise uncertainty maps of the segmentation and allows an implicit…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-01 Xutao Guo , Yanwu Yang , Chenfei Ye , Shang Lu , Yang Xiang , Ting Ma

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) (Ho et al. 2020) have shown impressive results on image and waveform generation in continuous state spaces. Here, we introduce Discrete Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (D3PMs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Jacob Austin , Daniel D. Johnson , Jonathan Ho , Daniel Tarlow , Rianne van den Berg

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) can generate high-quality samples such as image and audio samples. However, DDPMs require hundreds to thousands of iterations to produce final samples. Several prior works have successfully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Luping Liu , Yi Ren , Zhijie Lin , Zhou Zhao

Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) have achieved impressive performance on various generation tasks. By modeling the reverse process of gradually diffusing the data distribution into a Gaussian distribution, generating a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Zhaoyang Lyu , Xudong XU , Ceyuan Yang , Dahua Lin , Bo Dai

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have been proven capable of synthesizing high-quality images with remarkable diversity when trained on large amounts of data. However, to our knowledge, few-shot image generation tasks have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Jingyuan Zhu , Huimin Ma , Jiansheng Chen , Jian Yuan

Automatic layout generation that can synthesize high-quality layouts is an important tool for graphic design in many applications. Though existing methods based on generative models such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Shang Chai , Liansheng Zhuang , Fengying Yan

Deep Gaussian Processes (DGPs) were proposed as an expressive Bayesian model capable of a mathematically grounded estimation of uncertainty. The expressivity of DPGs results from not only the compositional character but the distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Chi-Ken Lu , Patrick Shafto

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have achieved remarkable quality in image generation that rivals GANs'. But unlike GANs, DPMs use a set of latent variables that lack semantic meaning and cannot serve as a useful representation for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Konpat Preechakul , Nattanat Chatthee , Suttisak Wizadwongsa , Supasorn Suwajanakorn

Developing new methods for the automated analysis of clinical fetal and neonatal MRI data is limited by the scarcity of annotated pathological datasets and privacy concerns that often restrict data sharing, hindering the effectiveness of…

Diffusion models are at the vanguard of generative AI research with renowned solutions such as ImageGen by Google Brain and DALL.E 3 by OpenAI. Nevertheless, the potential merits of diffusion models for communication engineering…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Mehdi Letafati , Samad Ali , Matti Latva-aho

Numerical simulations of turbulent flows present significant challenges in fluid dynamics due to their complexity and high computational cost. High resolution techniques such as Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) and Large Eddy Simulation…

Personalized electrocardiogram (ECG) generation is to simulate a patient's ECG digital twins tailored to specific conditions. It has the potential to transform traditional healthcare into a more accurate individualized paradigm, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yongfan Lai , Bo Liu , Xinyan Guan , Qinghao Zhao , Hongyan Li , Shenda Hong

Modern biomedical image analysis using deep learning often encounters the challenge of limited annotated data. To overcome this issue, deep generative models can be employed to synthesize realistic biomedical images. In this regard, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Yuli Wu , Weidong He , Dennis Eschweiler , Ningxin Dou , Zixin Fan , Shengli Mi , Peter Walter , Johannes Stegmaier

Data scarcity and sparsity in bio-manufacturing poses challenges for accurate model development, process monitoring, and optimization. We aim to replicate and capture the complex dynamics of industrial bioprocesses by proposing the use of a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shawn M. Gibford , Mohammad Reza Boskabadi , Christopher J. Savoie , Seyed Soheil Mansouri

Artificial intelligence (AI) generative models, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs), variational auto-encoders, and normalizing flows, have been widely used and studied as efficient alternatives for traditional scientific…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-01-31 Yeonju Go , Dmitrii Torbunov , Timothy Rinn , Yi Huang , Haiwang Yu , Brett Viren , Meifeng Lin , Yihui Ren , Jin Huang

Understanding galaxy morphology evolution across cosmic time requires models that can generate realistic galaxy populations conditioned on redshift. In this work, we study efficient redshift-conditioned generative modeling for astrophysical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-19 Tianyue Yang , Sandro Tacchella , Xiao Xue

We propose a generative model for single-channel EEG that incorporates the constraints experts actively enforce during visual scoring. The framework takes the form of a dynamic Bayesian network with depth in both the latent variables and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Carlos A. Loza , Laura L. Colgin

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a vital role in recording brain activities and is integral to the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies. However, the limited availability and high variability of EEG signals present…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-16 Joshua Park , Priyanshu Mahey , Ore Adeniyi

Objective: Gaussian Processes (GP)-based filters, which have been effectively used for various applications including electrocardiogram (ECG) filtering can be computationally demanding and the choice of their hyperparameters is typically ad…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-10 Mircea Dumitru , Qiao Li , Erick Andres Perez Alday , Ali Bahrami Rad , Gari D. Clifford , Reza Sameni

This paper introduces DreamDiffusion, a novel method for generating high-quality images directly from brain electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, without the need to translate thoughts into text. DreamDiffusion leverages pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yunpeng Bai , Xintao Wang , Yan-pei Cao , Yixiao Ge , Chun Yuan , Ying Shan