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In this paper, a Gauss-Newton Temporal Difference (GNTD) learning method is proposed to solve the Q-learning problem with nonlinear function approximation. In each iteration, our method takes one Gauss-Newton (GN) step to optimize a variant…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Zhifa Ke , Junyu Zhang , Zaiwen Wen

Deep learning has been widely used in many fields, but the model training process usually consumes massive computational resources and time. Therefore, designing an efficient neural network training method with a provable convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Lianke Qin , Zhao Song , Yuanyuan Yang

This paper studies the binary classification of unbounded data from ${\mathbb R}^d$ generated under Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) using deep ReLU neural networks. We obtain $\unicode{x2013}$ for the first time $\unicode{x2013}$…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-17 Tian-Yi Zhou , Xiaoming Huo

We prove the first superpolynomial lower bounds for learning one-layer neural networks with respect to the Gaussian distribution using gradient descent. We show that any classifier trained using gradient descent with respect to square-loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Surbhi Goel , Aravind Gollakota , Zhihan Jin , Sushrut Karmalkar , Adam Klivans

Neural networks can be trained to solve regression problems by using gradient-based methods to minimize the square loss. However, practitioners often prefer to reformulate regression as a classification problem, observing that training on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Lawrence Stewart , Francis Bach , Quentin Berthet , Jean-Philippe Vert

This paper follows up on a recent work of Neu et al. (2021) and presents some new information-theoretic upper bounds for the generalization error of machine learning models, such as neural networks, trained with SGD. We apply these bounds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Ziqiao Wang , Yongyi Mao

With the advancement of deep learning, reducing computational complexity and memory consumption has become a critical challenge, and ternary neural networks (NNs) that restrict parameters to $\{-1, 0, +1\}$ have attracted attention as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuta Nakahara , Manabu Kobayashi , Toshiyasu Matsushima

The training of artificial neural networks (ANNs) with rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation via gradient descent (GD) type optimization schemes is nowadays a common industrially relevant procedure. Till this day in the scientific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Simon Eberle , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert , Georg S. Weiss

Real world data often exhibit low-dimensional geometric structures, and can be viewed as samples near a low-dimensional manifold. This paper studies nonparametric regression of H\"{o}lder functions on low-dimensional manifolds using deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Minshuo Chen , Haoming Jiang , Wenjing Liao , Tuo Zhao

Recent results in nonparametric regression show that deep learning, i.e., neural network estimates with many hidden layers, are able to circumvent the so-called curse of dimensionality in case that suitable restrictions on the structure of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-30 Michael Kohler , Sophie Langer

Neural networks often operate in the overparameterized regime, in which there are far more parameters than training samples, allowing the training data to be fit perfectly. That is, training the network effectively learns an interpolating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Suzanna Parkinson , Greg Ongie , Rebecca Willett

We study the problem of inverting a deep generative model with ReLU activations. Inversion corresponds to finding a latent code vector that explains observed measurements as much as possible. In most prior works this is performed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Qi Lei , Ajil Jalal , Inderjit S. Dhillon , Alexandros G. Dimakis

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated dominating performance in many fields; since AlexNet, networks used in practice are going wider and deeper. On the theoretical side, a long line of works has been focusing on training neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Zeyuan Allen-Zhu , Yuanzhi Li , Zhao Song

We give the first dimension-efficient algorithms for learning Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs), which are functions of the form $\mathbf{x} \mapsto \max(0, \mathbf{w} \cdot \mathbf{x})$ with $\mathbf{w} \in \mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. Our algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Surbhi Goel , Varun Kanade , Adam Klivans , Justin Thaler

We explore the architecture of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) by studying the complexity of string sequences it is able to memorize. Symbolic sequences of different complexity are generated to simulate RNN training and study parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Roberto Cahuantzi , Xinye Chen , Stefan Güttel

Recently, several studies have proven the global convergence and generalization abilities of the gradient descent method for two-layer ReLU networks. Most studies especially focused on the regression problems with the squared loss function,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-19 Atsushi Nitanda , Geoffrey Chinot , Taiji Suzuki

We study the parameterized complexity of training two-layer neural networks with respect to the dimension of the input data and the number of hidden neurons, considering ReLU and linear threshold activation functions. Albeit the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Vincent Froese , Christoph Hertrich

We study the generalization of two-layer ReLU neural networks in a univariate nonparametric regression problem with noisy labels. This is a problem where kernels (\emph{e.g.} NTK) are provably sub-optimal and benign overfitting does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Dan Qiao , Kaiqi Zhang , Esha Singh , Daniel Soudry , Yu-Xiang Wang

Weight decay is one of the most widely used forms of regularization in deep learning, and has been shown to improve generalization and robustness. The optimization objective driving weight decay is a sum of losses plus a term proportional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Liu Yang , Jifan Zhang , Joseph Shenouda , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Kangwook Lee , Robert D. Nowak

Recent advances have significantly improved our understanding of the generalization performance of gradient descent (GD) methods in deep neural networks. A natural and fundamental question is whether GD can achieve generalization rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yuanfan Li , Yunwen Lei , Zheng-Chu Guo , Yiming Ying