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Medium-scale quantum devices that integrate about hundreds of physical qubits are likely to be developed in the near future. However, such devices will lack the resources for realizing quantum fault tolerance. Therefore, the main challenge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-24 Chao Song , Jing Cui , H. Wang , J. Hao , H. Feng , Ying Li

Quantum computing holds the promise of solving classically intractable problems. Enabling this requires scalable and hardware-efficient quantum processors with vanishing error rates. This perspective manuscript describes how bosonic codes,…

We present a semidefinite program optimization approach to quantum error correction that yields codes and recovery procedures that are robust against significant variations in the noise channel. Our approach allows us to optimize the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. L. Kosut , A. Shabani , D. A. Lidar

We present a mechanism to protect quantum information stored in an ensemble of nuclear spins in a semiconductor quantum dot. When the dot is charged the nuclei interact with the spin of the excess electron through the hyperfine coupling. If…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-07-03 Z. Kurucz , M. W. Sørensen , J. M. Taylor , M. D. Lukin , M. Fleischhauer

Today's quantum computers operate with a binary encoding that is the quantum analog of classical bits. Yet, the underlying quantum hardware consists of information carriers that are not necessarily binary, but typically exhibit a rich…

The task of preserving entanglement against noises is of crucial importance for both quantum communication and quantum information transfer. To this aim, quantum error correction (QEC) codes may be employed to compensate, at least…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Alessio Morea , Michele N. Notarnicola , Stefano Olivares

The smallest quantum code that can correct all one-qubit errors is based on five qubits. We experimentally implemented the encoding, decoding and error-correction quantum networks using nuclear magnetic resonance on a five spin subsystem of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 E. Knill , R. Laflamme , R. Martinez , C. Negrevergne

We consider hierarchically implemented quantum error correction (HI-QEC), in which the fidelities of logical qubits are differentially optimized to enhance the capabilities of quantum devices in scientific applications. By employing qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-05 Natalie Klco , Martin J. Savage

It is often assumed that the ancilla qubits required for encoding a qubit in quantum error correction (QEC) have to be in pure states, $|00...0>$ for example. In this letter, we seek an encoding scheme, in which the ancillae may be in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-21 Yasushi Kondo , Chiara Bagnasco , Mikio Nakahara

Multi-valued quantum systems can store more information than binary ones for a given number of quantum states. For reliable operation of multi-valued quantum systems, error correction is mandated. In this paper, we propose a 5-qutrit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-13 Ritajit Majumdar , Susmita Sur-Kolay

Quantum error correction (QEC) is fundamental for quantum information processing but entails a substantial overhead of classically-controlled quantum operations, which can be architecturally cumbersome to accommodate. Here we discuss a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-26 Joseph Kerckhoff , Hendra I. Nurdin , Dmitri S. Pavlichin , Hideo Mabuchi

As quantum devices scale toward practical machine learning applications, the binary qubit paradigm faces expressivity and resource efficiency limitations. Multi-level quantum systems, or qudits, offer a promising alternative by harnessing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-09 Tiago de Souza Farias , Lucas Friedrich , Jonas Maziero

Secure quantum networks are a bedrock requirement for developing a future quantum internet. However, quantum channels are susceptible to channel noise that introduce errors in the transmitted data. The traditional approach to providing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-30 Nitin Jha , Abhishek Parakh , Mahadevan Subramaniam

We propose a new scheme for quantum error correction using robust continuous variable probe modes, rather than fragile ancilla qubits, to detect errors without destroying data qubits. The use of such probe modes reduces the required number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fumiko Yamaguchi , Kae Nemoto , William J. Munro

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for practical quantum computing, as it protects fragile quantum information from errors by encoding it in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. Conventional QEC protocols typically require repeated…

We present a protocol using machine learning (ML) to simultaneously optimize the quantum error-correcting code space and the corresponding recovery map in the framework of continuous-time quantum error correction. Given a Hilbert space and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Anirudh Lanka , Shashank Hegde , Todd A. Brun

General purpose quantum computers can, in principle, entangle a number of noisy physical qubits to realise composite qubits protected against errors. Architectures for measurement-based quantum computing intrinsically support…

Fault-tolerant operations based on stabilizer codes are the state of the art in suppressing error rates in quantum computations. Most such codes do not permit a straightforward implementation of non-Clifford logical operations, which are…

Capacitively coupled semiconductor spin qubits hold promise as the building blocks of a scalable quantum computing architecture with long-range coupling between distant qubits. However, the two-qubit gate fidelities achieved in experiments…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-10-29 Xin Wang , Edwin Barnes , S. Das Sarma

All known qudit-based prepare-and-measure quantum key distribution (PM-QKD) schemes are more error resilient than their qubit-based counterparts. Their high error resiliency comes partly from the careful encoding of multiple bits of signals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 H. F. Chau