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This tutorial article introduces the physics of quantum information scrambling in quantum many-body systems. The goals are to understand how to precisely quantify the spreading of quantum information and how causality emerges in complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-25 Shenglong Xu , Brian Swingle

The emergence of the arrow of time in quantum many-body systems stems from the inherent tendency of Hamiltonian evolution to scramble quantum information and increase entanglement. While, in principle, one might counteract this temporal…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-02-11 Yu-Chen Li , Tian-Gang Zhou , Shengyu Zhang , Ze Wu , Liqiang Zhao , Haochuan Yin , Xiaoxue An , Hui Zhai , Pengfei Zhang , Xinhua Peng , Jiangfeng Du

We study quantum information scrambling in spin models with both long-range all-to-all and short-range interactions. We argue that a simple global, spatially homogeneous interaction together with local chaotic dynamics is sufficient to give…

Quantum many-body scarred systems host special non-thermal eigenstates that support periodic revival dynamics and weakly break the ergodicity. Here, we study the quantum information scrambling dynamics in quantum many-body scarred systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-12 Dong Yuan , Shun-Yao Zhang , Yu Wang , L. -M. Duan , Dong-Ling Deng

A possible solution of the information paradox can be sought in quantum information scrambling. In this paradigm, it is postulated that all information entering a black hole is rapidly and chaotically distributed across the event horizon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-20 Akram Touil , Sebastian Deffner

We apply a quantum teleportation protocol based on the Hayden-Preskill thought experiment to quantify how scrambling a given quantum evolution is. It has an advantage over the direct measurement of out-of-time ordered correlators when used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Tomoya Hayata , Yoshimasa Hidaka , Yuta Kikuchi

Interactions of isolated quantum many-body systems typically scramble local information into the entire system and make it unrecoverable. Ergodicity-breaking systems possess the potential to exhibit fundamentally different information…

We investigate the trends of information backflow associated with the dynamics of a sub-part of a disordered spin-1/2 transverse field Heisenberg chain for different regimes of the Hamiltonian. Towards this aim, the decay profile of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-16 Sudipto Singha Roy , Utkarsh Mishra , Debraj Rakshit

The growth of information scrambling, captured by out-of-time-order correlation functions (OTOCs), is a central indicator of the nature of many-body quantum dynamics. Here, we compute analytically the complete time dependence of the OTOC…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-21 Antonio M. García-García , Chang Liu , Lucas Sá , Jacobus J. M. Verbaarschot , Jie-ping Zheng

In ergodic many-body quantum systems, locally encoded quantum information becomes, in the course of time evolution, inaccessible to local measurements. This concept of "scrambling" is currently of intense research interest, entailing a deep…

In generic closed quantum systems, the complexity of operators increases under time evolution governed by the Heisenberg equation, reflecting the scrambling of local quantum information. However, when systems interact with an external…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 Pengfei Zhang , Zhenhua Yu

Information scrambling refers to the phenomenon in which local quantum information in a many-body system becomes dispersed throughout the entire system under unitary evolution. It has been extensively studied in closed quantum systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Haolin Jiang , Pengfei Zhang

Quantum chaotic interacting $N$-particle systems are assumed to show fast and irreversible spreading of quantum information on short (Ehrenfest) time scales $\sim\!\log N$. Here we show that, near criticality, certain many-body systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Quirin Hummel , Benjamin Geiger , Juan Diego Urbina , Klaus Richter

How are the spatial and temporal patterns of information scrambling in locally interacting quantum many-body systems imprinted on the eigenstates of the system's time-evolution operator? We address this question by identifying statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Bikram Pain , Ratul Thakur , Sthitadhi Roy

The entanglement evolution after a quantum quench became one of the tools to distinguish integrable versus chaotic (non-integrable) quantum many-body dynamics. Following this line of thoughts, here we propose that the revivals in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-01 Ranjan Modak , Vincenzo Alba , Pasquale Calabrese

In a fast scrambling many-body quantum system, information is spread and entanglement is built up on a timescale that grows logarithmically with the system size. This is of fundamental interest in understanding the dynamics of many-body…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-07 Sridevi Kuriyattil , Tomohiro Hashizume , Gregory Bentsen , Andrew J. Daley

How fast quantum information scrambles such that it becomes inaccessible by local probes turns out to be central to various fields. Motivated by recent works on spin systems with nonlocal interactions, we study information scrambling in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-24 Darvin Wanisch , Juan Diego Arias Espinoza , Stephan Fritzsche

Information scrambling, the process by which quantum information spreads and becomes effectively inaccessible, is central to modern quantum statistical physics and quantum chaos. These lecture notes provide an introduction to information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Marcin Płodzień

Random transformations are typically good at "scrambling" information. Specifically, in the quantum setting, scrambling usually refers to the process of mapping most initial pure product states under a unitary transformation to states which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-04 Winton Brown , Omar Fawzi

We study the role of randomness in the scrambling of quantum information within integrable free-fermionic systems. Considering quadratic Hamiltonians with varying degrees of randomness, we analyze entanglement-based measures to characterize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Ali Mollabashi , Mohammad-Javad Vasli