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Real-world objects are composed of distinctive, object-specific parts. Identifying these parts is key to performing fine-grained, compositional reasoning-yet, large multimodal models (LMMs) struggle to perform this seemingly straightforward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ansel Blume , Jeonghwan Kim , Hyeonjeong Ha , Elen Chatikyan , Xiaomeng Jin , Khanh Duy Nguyen , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang , Derek Hoiem , Heng Ji

We consider the problem of predictive monitoring (PM), i.e., predicting at runtime future violations of a system from the current state. We work under the most realistic settings where only partial and noisy observations of the state are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Francesca Cairoli , Luca Bortolussi , Nicola Paoletti

Real-world robotic agents must act under partial observability and long horizons, where key cues may appear long before they affect decision making. However, most modern approaches rely solely on instantaneous information, without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Egor Cherepanov , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

One problem with researching cognitive modeling and reinforcement learning (RL) is that researchers spend too much time on setting up an appropriate computational framework for their experiments. Many open source implementations of current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Jan Dohmen , Frank Röder , Manfred Eppe

While reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promising performance, its sample complexity continues to be a substantial hurdle, restricting its broader application across a variety of domains. Imitation learning (IL) utilizes oracles to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xuefeng Liu , Takuma Yoneda , Rick L. Stevens , Matthew R. Walter , Yuxin Chen

Offline goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) is a major problem in reinforcement learning (RL) because it provides a simple, unsupervised, and domain-agnostic way to acquire diverse behaviors and representations from unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Seohong Park , Kevin Frans , Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine

In recent years several learning approaches to point goal navigation in previously unseen environments have been proposed. They vary in the representations of the environments, problem decomposition, and experimental evaluation. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Yimeng Li , Arnab Debnath , Gregory J. Stein , Jana Kosecka

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) can model complex sequential decision-making problems under stochastic and uncertain environments. A main reason hindering their broad adoption in real-world applications is the lack…

Probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) serve as a powerful framework for modeling complex systems with uncertainty and extracting valuable insights from data. However, users face challenges when applying PGMs to their problems in terms of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jiantong Jiang , Zeyi Wen , Peiyu Yang , Atif Mansoor , Ajmal Mian

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge, where the LLM's ability to generate responses based on the combination of a given query and retrieved documents is crucial.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhehao Tan , Yihan Jiao , Dan Yang , Lei Liu , Jie Feng , Duolin Sun , Yue Shen , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Partial label learning (PLL) seeks to train generalizable classifiers from datasets with inexact supervision, a common challenge in real-world applications. Existing studies have developed numerous approaches to progressively refine and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Kuang He , Wei Tang , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

Model-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a popular learning paradigm due to its potential sample efficiency compared to model-free RL. However, existing empirical model-based RL approaches lack the ability to explore. This work studies a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Yuda Song , Wen Sun

Vision language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on general image understanding but struggle to think with medical images, especially when performing multi-step reasoning through iterative visual interaction. Medical VLMs often rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Meng Lu , Yuxing Lu , Yuchen Zhuang , Megan Mullins , Yang Xie , Guanghua Xiao , Charles Fleming , Wenqi Shi , Xuan Wang

Learning representations for pixel-based control has garnered significant attention recently in reinforcement learning. A wide range of methods have been proposed to enable efficient learning, leading to sample complexities similar to those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Manan Tomar , Utkarsh A. Mishra , Amy Zhang , Matthew E. Taylor

Long-horizon interactions between users and LLM-based assistants necessitate effective memory management, yet current approaches face challenges in training and evaluation of memory. Existing memory benchmarks rely on static, off-policy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Cheng Jiayang , Dongyu Ru , Lin Qiu , Yiyang Li , Xuezhi Cao , Yangqiu Song , Xunliang Cai

The rapid growth of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has created a proliferation of toolkits, yet a fundamental gap remains between experimental prototypes and robust, production-ready systems. We present SearchGym, a modular…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jerome Tze-Hou Hsu

This paper delves into the problem of safe reinforcement learning (RL) in a partially observable environment with the aim of achieving safe-reachability objectives. In traditional partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDP),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Xiaoyuan Cheng , Boli Chen , Liz Varga , Yukun Hu

Visual pointing, which aims to localize a target by predicting its coordinates on an image, has emerged as an important problem in the realm of vision-language models (VLMs). Despite its broad applicability, recent benchmarks show that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wenjie Yang , Zengfeng Huang

As the use of text-to-image generative models increases, so does the adoption of automatic benchmarking methods used in their evaluation. However, while metrics and datasets abound, there are few unified benchmarking libraries that provide…

When applying reinforcement learning (RL) to a new problem, reward engineering is a necessary, but often difficult and error-prone task a system designer has to face. To avoid this step, we propose LR4GPM, a novel (deep) RL method that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Junqi Qian , Paul Weng , Chenmien Tan