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Reinforcement learning (RL) finetuning is crucial to aligning large language models (LLMs), but the process is notoriously unstable and exhibits high variance across model checkpoints. In practice, selecting the best checkpoint is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Manh Nguyen , Dung Nguyen , Dai Do , Svetha Venkatesh , Hung Le

Unsupervised object discovery, the task of identifying and localizing objects in images without human-annotated labels, remains a significant challenge and a growing focus in computer vision. In this work, we introduce a novel model, DADO…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Federico Gonzalez , Estefania Talavera , Petia Radeva

This paper investigates the problem of object detection with a focus on improving both the localization accuracy of bounding boxes and explicitly modeling prediction uncertainty. Conventional detectors rely on deterministic bounding box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xingshu Chen , Sicheng Yu , Chong Cheng , Hao Wang , Ting Tian

Accurate lesion segmentation is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. However, lesions often resemble surrounding tissues and exhibit ill-defined boundaries, leading to unstable predictions in boundary/transition regions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Shuokun Cheng , Jinghao Shi , Kun Sun

3D Gaussian Splatting is renowned for its high-fidelity reconstructions and real-time novel view synthesis, yet its lack of semantic understanding limits object-level perception. In this work, we propose ObjectGS, an object-aware framework…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ruijie Zhu , Mulin Yu , Linning Xu , Lihan Jiang , Yixuan Li , Tianzhu Zhang , Jiangmiao Pang , Bo Dai

Despite significant advances in generic object detection, a persistent performance gap remains for tiny objects compared to normal-scale objects. We demonstrate that tiny objects are highly sensitive to annotation noise, where optimizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Huixin Sun , Linlin Yang , Ronyu Chen , Kerui Gu , Baochang Zhang , Angela Yao , Xianbin Cao

Uncertainty in gaze estimation manifests in two aspects: 1) low-quality images caused by occlusion, blurriness, inconsistent eye movements, or even non-face images; 2) incorrect labels resulting from the misalignment between the labeled and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Shijing Wang , Yaping Huang

While 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-quality, real-time rendering for bounded scenes, its extension to large-scale urban environments gives rise to critical challenges in terms of geometric consistency, memory efficiency, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Changbai Li , Haodong Zhu , Hanlin Chen , Xiuping Liang , Tongfei Chen , Shuwei Shao , Linlin Yang , Huobin Tan , Baochang Zhang

Single-source domain generalization (SDG) for object detection is a challenging yet essential task as the distribution bias of the unseen domain degrades the algorithm performance significantly. However, existing methods attempt to extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yajing Liu , Shijun Zhou , Xiyao Liu , Chunhui Hao , Baojie Fan , Jiandong Tian

Object detection is one of the most important and fundamental aspects of computer vision tasks, which has been broadly utilized in pose estimation, object tracking and instance segmentation models. To obtain training data for object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Jiaming Na , Varuna De-Silva

Unsupervised salient object detection aims to detect salient objects without using supervision signals eliminating the tedious task of manually labeling salient objects. To improve training efficiency, end-to-end methods for USOD have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yicheng Song , Shuyong Gao , Haozhe Xing , Yiting Cheng , Yan Wang , Wenqiang Zhang

Unbiased confidence estimates of neural networks are crucial especially for safety-critical applications. Many methods have been developed to calibrate biased confidence estimates. Though there is a variety of methods for classification,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Fabian Küppers , Jan Kronenberger , Amirhossein Shantia , Anselm Haselhoff

Unsupervised object detection using deep neural networks is typically a difficult problem with few to no guarantees about the learned representation. In this work we present the first unsupervised object detection method that is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Marian Longa , João F. Henriques

We present Stochastic Gaussian Splatting (SGS): the first framework for uncertainty estimation using Gaussian Splatting (GS). GS recently advanced the novel-view synthesis field by achieving impressive reconstruction quality at a fraction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Luca Savant , Diego Valsesia , Enrico Magli

Environment perception is the task for intelligent vehicles on which all subsequent steps rely. A key part of perception is to safely detect other road users such as vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists. With modern deep learning techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Florian Kraus , Klaus Dietmayer

3D object detection from point clouds is crucial in safety-critical autonomous driving. Although many works have made great efforts and achieved significant progress on this task, most of them suffer from expensive annotation cost and poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Qianjiang Hu , Daizong Liu , Wei Hu

Uncertainty estimation has been widely studied in medical image segmentation as a tool to provide reliability, particularly in deep learning approaches. However, previous methods generally lack effective supervision in uncertainty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yuzhu Li , An Sui , Fuping Wu , Xiahai Zhuang

The uncertainty estimation is critical in real-world decision making applications, especially when distributional shift between the training and test data are prevalent. Many calibration methods in the literature have been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Azadeh Sadat Mozafari , Hugo Siqueira Gomes , Christian Gagne

With the advancements made in deep learning, computer vision problems like object detection and segmentation have seen a great improvement in performance. However, in many real-world applications such as autonomous driving vehicles, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Kumari Deepshikha , Sai Harsha Yelleni , P. K. Srijith , C Krishna Mohan

Deep neural networks have achieved significant success in the last decades, but they are not well-calibrated and often produce unreliable predictions. A large number of literature relies on uncertainty quantification to evaluate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Russell Alan Hart , Linlin Yu , Yifei Lou , Feng Chen