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Related papers: Counterfactual Edits for Generative Evaluation

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Evaluation of AI systems often requires synthetic test cases, particularly for rare or safety-critical conditions that are difficult to observe in operational data. Generative AI offers a promising approach for producing such data through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Damian J. Ruck , Paul Vautravers , Oliver Chalkley , Jake Thomas

Recent generative models can synthesize "views" of artificial images that mimic real-world variations, such as changes in color or pose, simply by learning from unlabeled image collections. Here, we investigate whether such views can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Lucy Chai , Jun-Yan Zhu , Eli Shechtman , Phillip Isola , Richard Zhang

Counterfactual image generation presents significant challenges, including preserving identity, maintaining perceptual quality, and ensuring faithfulness to an underlying causal model. While existing auto-encoding frameworks admit semantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Rajat Rasal , Avinash Kori , Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Tian Xia , Ben Glocker

Leveraging StyleGAN's expressivity and its disentangled latent codes, existing methods can achieve realistic editing of different visual attributes such as age and gender of facial images. An intriguing yet challenging problem arises: Can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Yingchen Yu , Fangneng Zhan , Rongliang Wu , Jiahui Zhang , Shijian Lu , Miaomiao Cui , Xuansong Xie , Xian-Sheng Hua , Chunyan Miao

Language models are becoming the default interface to factual knowledge, yet they often verify outputs more reliably than they generate them. This generation-verification gap (GV-gap) underlies many recent advances in self-improvement and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Tim R. Davidson , Anja Surina , Caglar Gulcehre

Knowledge editing, which aims to update the knowledge encoded in language models, can be deceptive. Despite the fact that many existing knowledge editing algorithms achieve near-perfect performance on conventional metrics, the models edited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jiakuan Xie , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Images can be viewed as layered compositions, foreground objects over background, with potential occlusions. This layered representation enables independent editing of elements, offering greater flexibility for content creation. Despite the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jingxi Chen , Yixiao Zhang , Xiaoye Qian , Zongxia Li , Cornelia Fermuller , Caren Chen , Yiannis Aloimonos

Artificial intelligence is increasingly leveraged across various domains to automate decision-making processes that significantly impact human lives. In medical image analysis, deep learning models have demonstrated remarkable performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Julia Siekiera , Stefan Kramer

Counterfactual explanations provide a potentially significant solution to the Explainable AI (XAI) problem, but good, native counterfactuals have been shown to rarely occur in most datasets. Hence, the most popular methods generate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Barry Smyth , Mark T Keane

Generative models have made it possible to synthesize highly realistic images, potentially providing an abundant data source for training machine learning models. Despite the advantages of these synthesizable data sources, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Shentong Mo , Sukmin Yun

Counterfactual examples have emerged as an effective approach to produce simple and understandable post-hoc explanations. In the context of graph classification, previous work has focused on generating counterfactual explanations by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Carlo Abrate , Giulia Preti , Francesco Bonchi

Ensuring model explainability and robustness is essential for reliable deployment of deep vision systems. Current methods for evaluating robustness rely on collecting and annotating extensive test sets. While this is common practice, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yinong Oliver Wang , Eileen Li , Jinqi Luo , Zhaoning Wang , Fernando De la Torre

Multimodal generative models have made significant strides in image editing, demonstrating impressive performance on a variety of static tasks. However, their proficiency typically does not extend to complex scenarios requiring dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zhiqiang Sheng , Xumeng Han , Zhiwei Zhang , Zenghui Xiong , Yifan Ding , Aoxiang Ping , Xiang Li , Tong Guo , Yao Mao

Generative image models, since introduction, have become a global phenomenon. From new arts becoming possible to new vectors of abuse, many new capabilities have become available. One of the challenging issues with generative models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Ali Zand , Milad Nasr

In this paper, we explore illustrations in children's books as a new domain in unpaired image-to-image translation. We show that although the current state-of-the-art image-to-image translation models successfully transfer either the style…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Samet Hicsonmez , Nermin Samet , Emre Akbas , Pinar Duygulu

Semantic image inpainting is a challenging task where large missing regions have to be filled based on the available visual data. Existing methods which extract information from only a single image generally produce unsatisfactory results…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Raymond A. Yeh , Chen Chen , Teck Yian Lim , Alexander G. Schwing , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Minh N. Do

Understanding how "black-box" models arrive at their predictions has sparked significant interest from both within and outside the AI community. Our work focuses on doing this by generating local explanations about individual predictions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-08 Ana Lucic , Hinda Haned , Maarten de Rijke

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a popular solution for the eXplainable AI (XAI) problem of elucidating the predictions of black-box deep-learning systems due to their psychological validity, flexibility across problem domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Eoin Delaney , Arjun Pakrashi , Derek Greene , Mark T. Keane

The proliferation of generative models, such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Diffusion Models, and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), has enabled the synthesis of high-quality multimedia data. However, these advancements have also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Arpan Mahara , Naphtali Rishe

This paper examines the limitations of advanced text-to-image models in accurately rendering unconventional concepts which are scarcely represented or absent in their training datasets. We identify how these limitations not only confine the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jiyoon Myung , Jihyeon Park