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In this PhD thesis, we explore and apply methods inspired by the free energy principle to two important areas in machine learning and neuroscience. The free energy principle is a general mathematical theory of the necessary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Beren Millidge

Living systems are capable of locomotion, reconfiguration, and replication. To perform these tasks, cells spatiotemporally coordinate the interactions of force-generating, "active" molecules that create and manipulate non-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-28 Tyler D. Ross , Heun Jin Lee , Zijie Qu , Rachel A. Banks , Rob Phillips , Matt Thomson

Learning influence pathways of a network of dynamically related processes from observations is of considerable importance in many disciplines. In this article, influence networks of agents which interact dynamically via linear dependencies…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Saurav Talukdar , Deepjyoti Deka , Harish Doddi , Donatello Materassi , Misha Chertkov , Murti V. Salapaka

Animal brains exhibit remarkable efficiency in perception and action, while being robust to both external and internal perturbations. The means by which brains accomplish this remains, for now, poorly understood, hindering our understanding…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-11 André Urbano , Pablo Lanillos , Sander Keemink

Probability models have been proposed in the literature to account for "intelligent" behavior in many contexts. In this paper, probability propagation is applied to model agent's motion in potentially complex scenarios that include goals…

Developing of an effective flow control algorithm to avoid congestion is a hot topic in computer network society. This document gives a mathematical model for general network at the beginning, and then discrete control theory is proposed as…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-05 G. Millán

This paper investigates the control of flow networks, where the control objective is to regulate the measured output (e.g storage levels) towards a desired value. We present a distributed controller that dynamically adjusts the inputs and…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Sebastian Trip , Tjardo Scholten , Claudio De Persis

A central challenge for intelligent agents in an uncertain world is striking the right balance between utility maximization and resource use, not only for external movement but also for internal computation. Existing theories of control…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Itzel Olivos-Castillo , Paul Schrater , Xaq Pitkow

Active sensing is traditionally defined as the expenditure of energy, typically in the form of movement, for obtaining information. Here, we propose that the combination of reliance on adaptive sensors, the linkage between movement and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-25 Andrew Lamperski , Debojyoti Biswas , Eric S. Fortune , John Guckenheimer , Kathleen Hoffman , Noah J. Cowan

The way the brain selects and controls actions is still widely debated. Mainstream approaches based on Optimal Control focus on stimulus-response mappings that optimize cost functions. Ideomotor theory and cybernetics propose a different…

Recent work in the area of interdependent networks has focused on interactions between two systems of the same type. However, an important and ubiquitous class of systems are those involving monitoring and control, an example of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-09-27 Richard G. Morris , Marc Barthelemy

We introduce an algorithmic framework based on tensor networks for computing fluid flows around immersed objects in curvilinear coordinates. We show that the tensor network simulations can be carried out solely using highly compressed…

Neurons communicate with downstream systems via sparse and incredibly brief electrical pulses, or spikes. Using these events, they control various targets such as neuromuscular units, neurosecretory systems, and other neurons in connected…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-17 Paolo Agliati , André Urbano , Pablo Lanillos , Nasir Ahmad , Marcel van Gerven , Sander Keemink

Computing free energy is a fundamental problem in statistical physics. Recently, two distinct methods have been developed and have demonstrated remarkable success: the tensor-network-based contraction method and the neural-network-based…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-17 Hanyan Cao , Yijia Wang , Feng Pan , Pan Zhang

Living systems, from single cells to higher vertebrates, receive a continuous stream of non-stationary inputs that they sense, e.g., via cell surface receptors or sensory organs. Integrating these time-varying, multi-sensory, and often…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-17 Daniel Koch , Akhilesh Nandan , Gayathri Ramesan , Aneta Koseska

Active inference is a theory that underpins the way biological agent's perceive and act in the real world. At its core, active inference is based on the principle that the brain is an approximate Bayesian inference engine, building an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Ozan Çatal , Samuel Wauthier , Tim Verbelen , Cedric De Boom , Bart Dhoedt

This paper considers the problem of designing a continuous-time dynamical system that solves a constrained nonlinear optimization problem and makes the feasible set forward invariant and asymptotically stable. The invariance of the feasible…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Ahmed Allibhoy , Jorge Cortés

Minimal input/output selection is investigated in this paper for each subsystem of a networked system. Some novel sufficient conditions are derived respectively for the controllability and observability of a networked system, as well as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Tong Zhou

Control of complex processes is a major goal of network analyses. Most approaches to control nonlinearly coupled systems require the network topology and/or network dynamics. Unfortunately, neither the full set of participating nodes nor…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-23 Jason Shulman , Frank Malatino , Alexander Mo , Killian Ryan , Gemunu H. Gunaratne

In this paper we present a computational modeling account of an active self in artificial agents. In particular we focus on how an agent can be equipped with a sense of control and how it arises in autonomous situated action and, in turn,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Sebastian Kahl , Sebastian Wiese , Nele Russwinkel , Stefan Kopp