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For any graph $G$, the First-Fit (or Grundy) chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $\chi_{_{\sf FF}}(G)$, is defined as the maximum number of colors used by the First-Fit (greedy) coloring of the vertices of $G$. We call a family…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-16 Manouchehr Zaker

We present a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm for first-order model checking on interpretations of graph classes with bounded local cliquewidth. Notably, this includes interpretations of planar graphs, and more generally, of classes of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Édouard Bonnet , Jan Dreier , Jakub Gajarský , Stephan Kreutzer , Nikolas Mählmann , Pierre Simon , Szymon Toruńczyk

We address nonautonomous initial boundary value problems for decoupled linear first-order one-dimensional hyperbolic systems, investigating the phenomenon of finite time stabilization. We establish sufficient and necessary conditions…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-10 Irina Kmit , Natalya Lyul'ko

The concept of bounded expansion provides a robust way to capture sparse graph classes with interesting algorithmic properties. Most notably, every problem definable in first-order logic can be solved in linear time on bounded expansion…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Jan Dreier

Deep generative models have recently made a remarkable progress in capturing complex probability distributions over graphs. However, they are intractable and thus unable to answer even the most basic probabilistic inference queries without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Milan Papež , Martin Rektoris , Václav Šmídl , Tomáš Pevný

A hereditary class H of graphs is $\chi$-bounded if there is a $\chi$-binding function f such that for every $G$ in $H$, $\chi(G)$ less than or equal to $f(\omega(G))$. Here we prove that if a graph $G$ is free of 1. {Chair; P$_4$+K$_1$} or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-29 Medha Dhurandhar

We prove that if the prime graphs in a graph class have bounded lettericity, then the entire class has bounded lettericity if and only if it does not contain arbitrary large matchings, co-matchings, or a family of graphs that we call…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Robert Ferguson , Vincent Vatter

Frick and Grohe [J. ACM 48 (2006), 1184-1206] introduced a notion of graph classes with locally bounded tree-width and established that every first order logic property can be decided in almost linear time in such a graph class. Here, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-08-30 Tomas Gavenciak , Daniel Kral , Sang-il Oum

We present in this paper a first-order axiomatization of an extended theory $T$ of finite or infinite trees, built on a signature containing an infinite set of function symbols and a relation $\fini(t)$ which enables to distinguish between…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-07-02 Khalil Djelloul , Thi-bich-hanh Dao , Thom Fruehwirth

We introduce tree-width for first order formulae \phi, fotw(\phi). We show that computing fotw is fixed-parameter tractable with parameter fotw. Moreover, we show that on classes of formulae of bounded fotw, model checking is fixed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Isolde Adler , Mark Weyer

The notion of homomorphism indistinguishability offers a combinatorial framework for characterizing equivalence relations of graphs, in particular equivalences in counting logics within finite model theory. That is, for certain graph…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Georg Schindling

We extend and improve the existing characterization of the dynamics of general quadratic real polynomial maps with coefficients that depend on a single parameter $\lambda$, and generalize this characterization to cubic real polynomial maps,…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-02-17 Fermin Franco-Medrano , Francisco J. Solis

A modulator of a graph G to a specified graph class H is a set of vertices whose deletion puts G into H. The cardinality of a modulator to various tractable graph classes has long been used as a structural parameter which can be exploited…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-21 Eduard Eiben , Robert Ganian , Stefan Szeider

We study the first-order (FO) model checking problem of dense graphs, namely those which have FO interpretations in (or are FO transductions of) some sparse graph classes. We give a structural characterization of the graph classes which are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-07 Jakub Gajarský , Petr Hliněný , Daniel Lokshtanov , Jan Obdržálek , M. S. Ramanujan

For every $q\in \mathbb N$ let $\textrm{FO}_q$ denote the class of sentences of first-order logic FO of quantifier rank at most $q$. If a graph property can be defined in $\textrm{FO}_q$, then it can be decided in time $O(n^q)$. Thus,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-04-12 Yijia Chen , Joerg Flum , Xuangui Huang

We introduce a new technique for designing fixed-parameter algorithms for cut problems, namely randomized contractions. We apply our framework to obtain the first FPT algorithm for the Unique Label Cover problem and new FPT algorithms with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Rajesh Chitnis , Marek Cygan , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi , Marcin Pilipczuk , Michał Pilipczuk

Consider the (formal/analytic/algebraic) map-germs Maps(X,(k^p,o)). Let G be the group of right/contact/left-right transformations. I extend the following (classical) results from the real/complex-analytic case to the case of arbitrary…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Dmitry Kerner

First, a canonical form for stabilizer parity check matrices of arbitrary size and rank is derived. Next, it is shown that the closely related canonical form of the Clifford group can be computed in time $O(n^3)$ for $n$ qubits, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Dimiter Ostrev

Simon's factorization theorem is a celebrated tool in algebraic automata theory, providing bounded-depth decompositions of words with respect to morphisms into finite semigroups. We develop an analogue of Simon's theorem for \emph{forests}…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shaull Almagor , Michaël Cadilhac , Asaf Shoham

The continuous modal mu-calculus is a fragment of the modal mu-calculus, where the application of fixpoint operators is restricted to formulas whose functional interpretation is Scott-continuous, rather than merely monotone. By…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Jan Rooduijn , Yde Venema