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Conveying complex objectives to reinforcement learning (RL) agents can often be difficult, involving meticulous design of reward functions that are sufficiently informative yet easy enough to provide. Human-in-the-loop RL methods allow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Kimin Lee , Laura Smith , Pieter Abbeel

Although pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models exhibit impressive generalization in robotic manipulation, post-training remains crucial to ensure reliable performance during deployment. However, standard offline Supervised…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zhide Zhong , Haodong Yan , Junfeng Li , Junjie He , Tianran Zhang , Haoang Li

LLM agents increasingly operate in open-ended environments spanning hundreds of sequential episodes, yet they remain largely stateless: each task is solved from scratch without converting past experience into better future behavior. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wujiang Xu , Jiaojiao Han , Minghao Guo , Kai Mei , Xi Zhu , Han Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

The recent success of supervised learning methods on ever larger offline datasets has spurred interest in the reinforcement learning (RL) field to investigate whether the same paradigms can be translated to RL algorithms. This research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Mengjiao Yang , Ofir Nachum

Online reinforcement learning in complex tasks is time-consuming, as massive interaction steps are needed to learn the optimal Q-function.Vision-language action (VLA) policies represent a promising direction for solving diverse tasks;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Xiefeng Wu , Jing Zhao , Shu Zhang , Mingyu Hu

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been around for decades and employed to solve various sequential decision-making problems. These algorithms however have faced great challenges when dealing with high-dimensional environments. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

Traditional model-based RL relies on hand-specified or learned models of transition dynamics of the environment. These methods are sample efficient and facilitate learning in the real world but fail to generalize to subtle variations in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Christian F. Perez , Felipe Petroski Such , Theofanis Karaletsos

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms frequently require prohibitive interaction experience to ensure the quality of learned policies. The limitation is partly because the agent cannot learn much from the many low-quality trials in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Keting Lu , Shiqi Zhang , Xiaoping Chen

We introduce Emergent Trust Learning (ETL), a lightweight, trust-based control algorithm that can be plugged into existing AI agents. It enables these to reach cooperation in competitive game environments under shared resources. Each agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Qianpu Chen , Giulio Barbero , Mike Preuss , Derya Soydaner

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely adopted for controlling and optimizing complex engineering systems such as next-generation wireless networks. An important challenge in adopting RL is the need for direct access to the physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Eslam Eldeeb , Houssem Sifaou , Osvaldo Simeone , Mohammad Shehab , Hirley Alves

Value-based reinforcement learning (RL) can in principle learn effective policies for a wide range of multi-turn problems, from games to dialogue to robotic control, including via offline RL from static previously collected datasets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Joey Hong , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine

We study multi-task reinforcement learning (RL) in tabular episodic Markov decision processes (MDPs). We formulate a heterogeneous multi-player RL problem, in which a group of players concurrently face similar but not necessarily identical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Chicheng Zhang , Zhi Wang

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) trains a constraint satisfaction policy by interacting with the environment. We aim to tackle a more challenging problem: learning a safe policy from an offline dataset. We study the offline safe RL problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Zuxin Liu , Zijian Guo , Yihang Yao , Zhepeng Cen , Wenhao Yu , Tingnan Zhang , Ding Zhao

The modern paradigm in machine learning involves pre-training on diverse data, followed by task-specific fine-tuning. In reinforcement learning (RL), this translates to learning via offline RL on a diverse historical dataset, followed by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhiyuan Zhou , Andy Peng , Qiyang Li , Sergey Levine , Aviral Kumar

Reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for data science decision-making but suffers from sample inefficiency, particularly in real-world scenarios with costly physical interactions. This paper introduces a novel human-inspired framework to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Ali Beikmohammadi , Sindri Magnússon

In this paper, we study the problem of transferring the available Markov Decision Process (MDP) models to learn and plan efficiently in an unknown but similar MDP. We refer to it as \textit{Model Transfer Reinforcement Learning (MTRL)}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Hannes Eriksson , Debabrota Basu , Tommy Tram , Mina Alibeigi , Christos Dimitrakakis

Collaborative edge computing uses edge nodes in different locations to execute tasks, necessitating dynamic task offloading decisions to maintain low latency and high reliability, especially under unpredictable node failures. Although deep…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hao Guo , Kaixiang Xv , Ziwu Ge , Lei Yang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) tries to learn the near-optimal policy with recorded offline experience without online exploration. Current offline RL research includes: 1) generative modeling, i.e., approximating a policy using fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Hua Wei , Deheng Ye , Zhao Liu , Hao Wu , Bo Yuan , Qiang Fu , Wei Yang , Zhenhui Li

Offline reinforcement learning, by learning from a fixed dataset, makes it possible to learn agent behaviors without interacting with the environment. However, depending on the quality of the offline dataset, such pre-trained agents may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Yi Zhao , Rinu Boney , Alexander Ilin , Juho Kannala , Joni Pajarinen

While reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated remarkable success in enhancing large language models (LLMs), it has primarily focused on single-turn tasks such as solving math problems. Training effective web agents for multi-turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Zhepei Wei , Wenlin Yao , Yao Liu , Weizhi Zhang , Qin Lu , Liang Qiu , Changlong Yu , Puyang Xu , Chao Zhang , Bing Yin , Hyokun Yun , Lihong Li
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