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Text embedding is becoming an increasingly popular AI methodology, especially among businesses, yet the potential of text embedding models to be biased is not well understood. This paper examines the degree to which a selection of popular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Vasyl Rakivnenko , Nestor Maslej , Jessica Cervi , Volodymyr Zhukov

An occupation is comprised of interconnected tasks, and it is these tasks, not occupations themselves, that are affected by AI. To evaluate how tasks may be impacted, previous approaches utilized manual annotations or coarse-grained…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Ali Akbar Septiandri , Marios Constantinides , Daniele Quercia

We explore the political and ideological positioning of ChatGPT, a leading large language model (LLM), by comparing its responses to political economy questions from the European Social Survey (ESS). The questions concern environmental…

General Economics · Economics 2025-03-10 Leonardo Becchetti , Nazaria Solferino

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly extended their capabilities, evolving from basic text generation to complex, human-like interactions. In light of the possibilities that LLMs could assume significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Meng Hua , Yuan Cheng , Hengshu Zhu

With generative AI emerging as a general-purpose technology, understanding its economic effects is among society's most pressing questions. Existing studies of AI impact have largely relied on predictions of AI capabilities or focused…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Kiran Tomlinson , Sonia Jaffe , Will Wang , Scott Counts , Siddharth Suri

In recent years, written language, particularly in science and education, has undergone remarkable shifts in word usage. These changes are widely attributed to the growing influence of Large Language Models (LLMs), which frequently rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Bryce Anderson , Riley Galpin , Tom S. Juzek

With the advent of foundation models like ChatGPT, educators are excited about the transformative role that AI might play in propelling the next education revolution. The developing speed and the profound impact of foundation models in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Tianlong Xu , Richard Tong , Jing Liang , Xing Fan , Haoyang Li , Qingsong Wen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in learning environments to support teaching-be it as learning companions or as tutors. With our contribution, we aim to discuss the implications of the anthropomorphization of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Kristina Schaaff , Marc-André Heidelmann

We present this article as a small gesture in an attempt to counter what appears to be exponentially growing hype around Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its capabilities, and the distraction provided by the associated talk of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Michael O'Neill , Mark Connor

The introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) generative language models such as GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) and tools such as ChatGPT has triggered a revolution that can transform how text is generated. This has many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Pedro Reviriego , Javier Conde , Elena Merino-Gómez , Gonzalo Martínez , José Alberto Hernández

This paper aims at a brief overview of the main impact of ChatGTP in the scientific field of programming and learning/education in computer science. It lists, covers and documents from the literature the major issues that have been…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Christos-Nikolaos Anagnostopoulos

Large language models are quickly gaining momentum, yet are found to demonstrate gender bias in their responses. In this paper, we conducted a content analysis of social media discussions to gauge public perceptions of gender bias in LLMs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Kyrie Zhixuan Zhou , Madelyn Rose Sanfilippo

The wide adoption and usage of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models, particularly ChatGPT, has sparked a surge in research exploring their potential applications in the educational landscape. This survey examines academic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Mohammad AL-Smadi

This paper delves into the realm of ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot that utilizes topic modeling and reinforcement learning to generate natural responses. Although ChatGPT holds immense promise across various industries, such as customer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Xiaodong Wu , Ran Duan , Jianbing Ni

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Generative Pre-Trained Transformers(GPTs) in the field of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) can significantly impact task automation in themodern economy. We anticipate that…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Valentin Rychkov , Claudia Picoco , Emilie Caleca

Would artificial intelligence (AI) cut interest rates or adopt conservative monetary policy? Would it deregulate or opt for a more controlled economy? As AI use by economic policymakers, academics, and market participants grows…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Maxim Chupilkin

Artificial intelligence is making spectacular progress, and one of the best examples is the development of large language models (LLMs) such as OpenAI's GPT series. In these lectures, written for readers with a background in mathematics or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Michael R. Douglas

In the evolving landscape of digital education, chatbots have emerged as potential game-changers, promising personalized and adaptive learning experiences. This research undertook an in-depth exploration of ChatGPT's potential as an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Holger Arndt

The increasing use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in a large variety of domains has sparked worries about how easily they can perpetuate stereotypes and contribute to the generation of biased content. With a focus on gender and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Gioele Giachino , Marco Rondina , Antonio Vetrò , Riccardo Coppola , Juan Carlos De Martin

ChatGPT is a powerful language model from OpenAI that is arguably able to comprehend and generate text. ChatGPT is expected to have a large impact on society, research, and education. An essential step to understand ChatGPT's expected…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Lukas Schulze Balhorn , Jana M. Weber , Stefan Buijsman , Julian R. Hildebrandt , Martina Ziefle , Artur M. Schweidtmann