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The sequential minimal optimization (SMO) algorithm and variants thereof are the de facto standard method for solving large quadratic programs for support vector machine (SVM) training. In this paper we propose a simple yet powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-08-01 Tobias Glasmachers

Due to ethical and economical reasons, sequential single-arm trial designs are used for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of new treatments in phase II trials. Simon's 2-stage design and Lan-DeMets' $\alpha$-spending function method with…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-31 Tasuku Inao , Isao Yokota

In clinical trials, there is potential to improve precision and reduce the required sample size by appropriately adjusting for baseline variables in the statistical analysis. This is called covariate adjustment. Despite recommendations by…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-20 Kelly Van Lancker , Joshua Betz , Michael Rosenblum

Traditional accelerated life test plans are typically based on optimizing the C-optimality for minimizing the variance of an interested quantile of the lifetime distribution. The traditional methods rely on some specified planning values…

Applications · Statistics 2018-12-04 Lu Lu , I-Chen Lee , Yili Hong

The Bayes factor, the data-based updating factor from prior to posterior odds, is a principled measure of relative evidence for two competing hypotheses. It is naturally suited to sequential data analysis in settings such as clinical trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-07 Samuel Pawel , Leonhard Held

A new approach to adaptive design of clinical trials is proposed in a general multiparameter exponential family setting, based on generalized likelihood ratio statistics and optimal sequential testing theory. These designs are easy to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-25 Jay Bartroff , Tze Leung Lai

Group sequential design (GSD) is widely used in clinical trials in which correlated tests of multiple hypotheses are used. Multiple primary objectives resulting in tests with known correlations include evaluating 1) multiple experimental…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-22 Keaven M. Anderson , Zifang Guo , Jing Zhao , Linda Z. Sun

Sequential monitoring in clinical trials is often employed to allow for early stopping and other interim decisions, while maintaining the type I error rate. However, sequential monitoring is typically described only in the context of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-29 Victoria Plamadeala , William F. Rosenberger

A common feature of many recent trials evaluating the effects of immunotherapy on survival is that non-proportional hazards can be anticipated at the design stage. This raises the possibility to use a statistical method tailored towards…

Applications · Statistics 2021-08-27 Dominic Magirr , José L. Jiménez

In large scale collective decision making, social choice is a normative study of how one ought to design a protocol for reaching consensus. However, in instances where the underlying decision space is too large or complex for ordinal…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Brandon Fain , Ashish Goel , Kamesh Munagala , Sukolsak Sakshuwong

Group testing is an efficient method for testing a large population to detect infected individuals. In this paper, we consider an efficient adaptive two stage group testing scheme. Using a straightforward analysis, we characterize the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-26 Arjun Kodialam

Experimental design has emerged as a powerful approach for improving the sample efficiency of A/B testing, yet existing designs rely critically on correctly specified models. We study robust sequential experimental design under model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Qianglin Wen , Xiangkun Wu , Chengchun Shi , Ting Li , Niansheng Tang , Yingying Zhang , Hongtu Zhu

Adaptive sample size re-estimation, early stopping, and trial re-design at interim analyses can reduce expected sample sizes in randomised trials. Cluster randomised trials, in which groups of participants are randomly allocated to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-09 Samuel I. Watson , James Martin

Interim analyses for group-sequential decision making are prevalent in clinical trials. Methodology is well established and has been routinely implemented over the last decades. Still, confusions and uncertainties on aspects of how to…

Many classification problems require decisions among a large number of competing classes. These tasks, however, are not handled well by general purpose learning methods and are usually addressed in an ad-hoc fashion. We suggest a general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Yair Even-Zohar , Dan Roth

In industrial engineering and manufacturing, quality control is an essential part of the production process of a product. To ensure proper functionality of a manufactured good, rigorous testing has to be performed to identify defective…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-02 Michael Balzer

There is growing interest in platform trials that allow for adding of new treatment arms as the trial progresses as well as being able to stop treatments part way through the trial for either lack of benefit/futility or for superiority. In…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-14 Peter Greenstreet , Thomas Jaki , Alun Bedding , Chris Harbron , Pavel Mozgunov

Clinical trials are an integral component of medical research. Trials require careful design to, for example, maintain the safety of participants, use resources efficiently and allow clinically meaningful conclusions to be drawn. Adaptive…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-17 James M. McGree , Antony M. Overstall , Mark Jones , Robert K. Mahar

Non-proportional hazards (NPH) are often observed in clinical trials with time-to-event endpoints. A common example is a long-term clinical trial with a delayed treatment effect in immunotherapy for cancer. When designing clinical trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-18 Yujie Zhao , Yilong Zhang , Larry Leon , Keaven M. Anderson

In a randomised clinical trial, when the result of the primary endpoint shows a significant benefit, the secondary endpoints are scrutinised to identify additional effects of the treatment. However, this approach entails a risk of…