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Knowledge from animals and humans inspires robotic innovations. Numerous efforts have been made to achieve agile locomotion in quadrupedal robots through classical controllers or reinforcement learning approaches. These methods usually rely…

Practical bipedal robot locomotion needs to be both energy efficient and robust to variability and uncertainty. In this paper, we build upon recent works in trajectory optimization for robot locomotion with two primary goals. First, we wish…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Nihar Talele , Katie Byl

Recent advancements in adaptive control for reference trajectory tracking enable quadrupedal robots to perform locomotion tasks under challenging conditions. There are methods enabling the estimation of the external disturbances in terms of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Elizaveta Pestova , Ilya Osokin , Danil Belov , Pavel Osinenko

The ability of bipedal robots to adapt to diverse and unstructured terrain conditions is crucial for their deployment in real-world environments. To this end, we present a novel, bio-inspired robot foot design with stabilizing tarsal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Ted Tyler , Vaibhav Malhotra , Adam Montague , Zhigen Zhao , Frank L. Hammond , Ye Zhao

This paper presents a method for achieving high-speed running of a quadruped robot by considering the actuator torque-speed operating region in reinforcement learning. The physical properties and constraints of the actuator are included in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Young-Ha Shin , Tae-Gyu Song , Gwanghyeon Ji , Hae-Won Park

We propose an online motion planner for legged robot locomotion with the primary objective of achieving energy efficiency. The conceptual idea is to leverage a placement set of footstep positions based on the robot's body position to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Alexander Schperberg , Marcel Menner , Stefano Di Cairano

Learning how to walk is a sophisticated neurological task for most animals. In order to walk, the brain must synthesize multiple cortices, neural circuits, and diverse sensory inputs. Some animals, like humans, imitate surrounding…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Justin Ting , Yan Fang , Ashwin Sanjay Lele , Arijit Raychowdhury

We propose a method to generate actuation plans for a reduced order, dynamic model of bipedal running. This method explicitly enforces robustness to ground uncertainty. The plan generated is not a fixed body trajectory that is aggressively…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-30 Kevin Green , Ross L. Hatton , Jonathan Hurst

Robot controllers are often optimised for a single robot in a single environment. This approach proves brittle, as such a controller will often fail to produce sensible behavior for a new morphology or environment. In comparison, animal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Emma Stensby Norstein , Kotaro Yasui , Takeshi Kano , Akio Ishiguro , Kyrre Glette

The problem of biped locomotion at steady speeds is discussed through a Lagrangian formulation developed for velocity-dependent, body driving forces. Human walking on a level surface is analyzed in terms of the data on the resultant…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Valery B. Kokshenev

Although commonly associated with limbless animals like snakes and fish, multi-legged organisms like centipedes also utilize undulatory locomotion. Whether these undulations are actively reinforced or resisted by the axial musculature…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Adam Dionne , Fabio Giardina , L. Mahadevan

Amphibious legged robots inspired by salamanders are promising in applications in complex amphibious environments. However, despite the significant success of training controllers that achieve diverse locomotion behaviors in conventional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Mengze Tian , Qiyuan Fu , Chuanfang Ning , Javier Jia Jie Pey , Auke Ijspeert

Creating robots with emotional personalities will transform the usability of robots in the real world. As previous emotive social robots are mostly based on statically stable robots whose mobility is limited, this paper develops an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Zhongyu Li , Christine Cummings , Koushil Sreenath

Spring-based actuators in legged locomotion provide energy-efficiency and improved performance, but increase the difficulty of controller design. While previous work has focused on extensive modeling and simulation to find optimal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Antonin Raffin , Daniel Seidel , Jens Kober , Alin Albu-Schäffer , João Silvério , Freek Stulp

Several recently released humanoid robots, inspired by the mechanical design of Cassie, employ actuator configurations in which the motors are displaced from the joints to reduce leg inertia. While studies accounting for the full kinematic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Victor Lutz , Ludovic de Matteis , Virgile Batto , Nicolas Mansard

This work presents a motion retargeting approach for legged robots, aimed at transferring the dynamic and agile movements to robots from source motions. In particular, we guide the imitation learning procedures by transferring motions from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Taerim Yoon , Dongho Kang , Seungmin Kim , Jin Cheng , Minsung Ahn , Stelian Coros , Sungjoon Choi

Nonlinear model predictive locomotion controllers based on the reduced centroidal dynamics are nowadays ubiquitous in legged robots. These schemes, even if they assume an inherent simplification of the robot's dynamics, were shown to endow…

Quadrupedal robots exhibit a wide range of viable gaits, but generating specific footfall sequences often requires laborious expert tuning of numerous variables, such as touch-down and lift-off events and holonomic constraints for each leg.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jiayu Ding , Xulin Chen , Garrett E. Katz , Zhenyu Gan

Quadrupedal robots exhibit a wide range of viable gaits, but generating specific footfall sequences often requires laborious expert tuning of numerous variables, such as touch-down and lift-off events and holonomic constraints for each leg.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Jiayu Ding , Xulin Chen , Garret E. Katz , Zhenyu Gan

In this paper, we present a new model of biped locomotion which is composed of three linear pendulums (one per leg and one for the whole upper body) to describe stance, swing and torso dynamics. In addition to double support, this model has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Salman Faraji , Auke J. Ijspeert