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We approximate functionals depending on the gradient of $u$ and on the behaviour of $u$ near the discontinuity points, by families of non-local functionals where the gradient is replaced by finite differences. We prove pointwise…

A mathematical framework is constructed for the sum of the lowest N eigenvalues of a potential. Exactness is illustrated on several model systems (harmonic oscillator, particle in a box, and Poschl-Teller well). Its order-by-order…

In the past few years, following the differentiable programming paradigm, there has been a growing interest in computing the gradient information of physical processes (e.g., physical simulation, image rendering). However, such processes…

Using tools from the theory of operator ideals and s-numbers, we develop a general approach to transfer estimates for $L_2$ -approximation of Sobolev functions into estimates for $L_\infty$-approximation, with precise control of all…

We study Dirichlet forms defined by nonintegrable L\'evy kernels whose singularity at the origin can be weaker than that of any fractional Laplacian. We show some properties of the associated Sobolev type spaces in a bounded domain, such as…

Density-functional theory is a formally exact description of a many-body quantum system in terms of its density; in practice, however, approximations to the universal density functional are required. In this work, a model based on deep…

Subdifferentials of a singular convex functional representing the surface free energy of a crystal under the roughening temperature are characterized. The energy functional is defined on Sobolev spaces of order -1, so the subdifferential…

Motivated by problems in machine learning, we study a class of variational problems characterized by nonlocal operators. These operators are characterized by power-type weights, which are singular at a portion of the boundary. We identify a…

In this paper we analyze possible extensions of the classical Steklov eigenvalue problem to the fractional setting. In particular, we find a nonlocal eigenvalue problem of fractional type that approximate, when taking a suitable limit, the…

In this paper, we show that the approximation of high-dimensional functions, which are effectively low-dimensional, does not suffer from the curse of dimensionality. This is shown first in a general reproducing kernel Hilbert space set-up…

We show that a class of spaces of vector fields whose semi-norms involve the magnitude of "directional" difference quotients is in fact equivalent to the class of fractional Sobolev spaces. The equivalence can be considered a Korn-type…

We consider discrete analogue of model pseudo-differential equations in discrete plane sector using discrete variant of Sobolev--Slobodetskii spaces. Starting from the concept of wave factorization for elliptic periodic symbol we describe…

In this paper we study localization properties of the Riesz $s$-fractional gradient $D^s u$ of a vectorial function $u$ as $s \nearrow 1$. The natural space to work with $s$-fractional gradients is the Bessel space $H^{s,p}$ for $0 < s < 1$…

Modern density functional approximations achieve moderate accuracy at low computational cost for many electronic structure calculations. Some background is given relating the gradient expansion of density functional theory to the WKB…

Density functional theory (DFT) is routinely employed in material science and in quantum chemistry to simulate weakly correlated electronic systems. Recently, deep learning (DL) techniques have been adopted to develop promising functionals…

The paper is concerned with the sparse approximation of functions having hybrid regularity borrowed from the theory of solutions to electronic Schr\"odinger equations due to Yserentant [43]. We use hyperbolic wavelets to introduce…

We obtain (essentially sharp) boundedness results for certain generalized local maximal operators between fractional weighted Sobolev spaces and their modifications. Concrete boundedness results between well known fractional Sobolev spaces…

In this article, we introduce and study capacities related to nonlocal Sobolev spaces, with focus on spaces corresponding to zero-order nonlocal operators. In particular, we prove Hardy-type inequalities to obtain Sobolev embeddings and use…

We prove the local Lipschitz continuity and the higher differentiability of local minimizers of integral functionals with non autonomous integrand which is degenerate convex with respect to the gradient variable. The main novelty here is…

We give the first mathematically rigorous justification of the Local Density Approximation in Density Functional Theory. We provide a quantitative estimate on the difference between the grand-canonical Levy-Lieb energy of a given density…