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Modern end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models like Whisper not only suffer from reduced recognition accuracy in noise, but also exhibit overconfidence - assigning high confidence to wrong predictions. We conduct a systematic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Mingyue Huo , Yuheng Zhang , Yan Tang

We propose automatic speech recognition (ASR) models inspired by echo state network (ESN), in which a subset of recurrent neural networks (RNN) layers in the models are randomly initialized and untrained. Our study focuses on RNN-T and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Harsh Shrivastava , Ankush Garg , Yuan Cao , Yu Zhang , Tara Sainath

While automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have achieved remarkable performance with large-scale datasets, their efficacy remains inadequate in low-resource settings, encompassing dialects, accents, minority languages, and long-tail…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Guanrou Yang , Fan Yu , Ziyang Ma , Zhihao Du , Zhifu Gao , Shiliang Zhang , Xie Chen

As speech recognition model sizes and training data requirements grow, it is increasingly common for systems to only be available via APIs from online service providers rather than having direct access to models themselves. In this scenario…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-11 Rao Ma , Mengjie Qian , Mark J. F. Gales , Kate M. Knill

Confidence estimate is an often requested feature in applications such as medical transcription where errors can impact patient care and the confidence estimate could be used to alert medical professionals to verify potential errors in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Mingqiu Wang , Hagen Soltau , Laurent El Shafey , Izhak Shafran

For real-world speech recognition applications, noise robustness is still a challenge. In this work, we adopt the teacher-student (T/S) learning technique using a parallel clean and noisy corpus for improving automatic speech recognition…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-19 Ladislav Mošner , Minhua Wu , Anirudh Raju , Sree Hari Krishnan Parthasarathi , Kenichi Kumatani , Shiva Sundaram , Roland Maas , Björn Hoffmeister

In previous work, we developed a closed-loop speech chain model based on deep learning, in which the architecture enabled the automatic speech recognition (ASR) and text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) components to mutually improve their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are known to exhibit difficulties when transcribing children's speech. This can mainly be attributed to the absence of large children's speech corpora to train robust ASR models and the resulting…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-22 Jenthe Thienpondt , Kris Demuynck

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) outcomes serve as input for downstream tasks, substantially impacting the satisfaction level of end-users. Hence, the diagnosis and enhancement of the vulnerabilities present in the ASR model bear…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Seonmin Koo , Chanjun Park , Jinsung Kim , Jaehyung Seo , Sugyeong Eo , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

We propose a novel approach for ASR N-best hypothesis rescoring with graph-based label propagation by leveraging cross-utterance acoustic similarity. In contrast to conventional neural language model (LM) based ASR rescoring/reranking…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Srinath Tankasala , Long Chen , Andreas Stolcke , Anirudh Raju , Qianli Deng , Chander Chandak , Aparna Khare , Roland Maas , Venkatesh Ravichandran

The recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) has recently become the mainstream end-to-end approach for streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR). To estimate the output distributions over subword units, RNN-T uses a fully connected…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-26 Chao Zhang , Bo Li , Zhiyun Lu , Tara N. Sainath , Shuo-yiin Chang

Modern embedding-based metrics for evaluation of generated text generally fall into one of two paradigms: discriminative metrics that are trained to directly predict which outputs are of higher quality according to supervised human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Yiwei Qin , Weizhe Yuan , Graham Neubig , Pengfei Liu

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models have become standard practice for various commercial applications. However, in real-world scenarios, the long-tailed nature of word distribution often leads E2E ASR models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Yi-Cheng Wang , Li-Ting Pai , Bi-Cheng Yan , Hsin-Wei Wang , Chi-Han Lin , Berlin Chen

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology has made significant progress in recent years, providing accurate transcription across various domains. However, some challenges remain, especially in noisy environments and specialized jargon.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-06 Aviv Shamsian , Aviv Navon , Neta Glazer , Gill Hetz , Joseph Keshet

For end-to-end Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models, recognizing personal or rare phrases can be hard. A promising way to improve accuracy is through spelling correction (or rewriting) of the ASR lattice, where potentially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Leonid Velikovich , Christopher Li , Diamantino Caseiro , Shankar Kumar , Pat Rondon , Kandarp Joshi , Xavier Velez

Text simplification (TS) rephrases long sentences into simplified variants while preserving inherent semantics. Traditional sequence-to-sequence models heavily rely on the quantity and quality of parallel sentences, which limits their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Yanbin Zhao , Lu Chen , Zhi Chen , Kai Yu

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in two-pass streaming end-to-end speech recognition (ASR) that incorporates a 2nd-pass rescoring model on top of the conventional 1st-pass streaming ASR model to improve recognition accuracy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Suyoun Kim , Ke Li , Lucas Kabela , Rongqing Huang , Jiedan Zhu , Ozlem Kalinli , Duc Le

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) has reached impressive accuracy for high-resource languages, yet its utility in linguistic fieldwork remains limited. Recordings collected in fieldwork contexts present unique challenges, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Siyu Liang , Gina-Anne Levow

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is a task aiming to extract high-level semantics from spoken utterances. Previous works have investigated the use of speech self-supervised models and textual pre-trained models, which have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Jiatong Shi , Chan-Jan Hsu , Holam Chung , Dongji Gao , Paola Garcia , Shinji Watanabe , Ann Lee , Hung-yi Lee

This report details the NTU Speechlab system developed for the Interspeech 2025 Multilingual Conversational Speech and Language Model (MLC-SLM) Challenge (Task I), where we achieved 5th place. We present comprehensive analyses of our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yizhou Peng , Bin Wang , Yi-Wen Chao , Ziyang Ma , Haoyang Zhang , Hexin Liu , Xie Chen , Eng Siong Chng