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The ground state of Bose--Einstein condensates can be described as the minimizer of the Gross--Pitaevskii energy functional subject to a mass conservation constraint. In this paper, we study the corresponding discrete optimization problem…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Chen Zhang , Heyan Zhu , Wenbin Chen

This work presents a new methodology for computing ground states of Bose-Einstein condensates based on finite element discretizations on two different scales of numerical resolution. In a pre-processing step, a low-dimensional (coarse)…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-11 Patrick Henning , Axel Målqvist , Daniel Peterseim

In this paper we revisit a two-level discretization based on the Localized Orthogonal Decomposition (LOD). It was originally proposed in [P.Henning, A.M{\aa}lqvist, D.Peterseim. SIAM J. Numer. Anal.52-4:1525-1550, 2014] to compute ground…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-17 Patrick Henning , Anna Persson

We develop and analyze Riemannian optimization methods for computing ground states of rotating multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates, defined as minimizers of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. To resolve the non-uniqueness of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Martin Hermann , Tatjana Stykel , Mahima Yadav

This paper addresses the computation of ground states of multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates, defined as the global minimiser of an energy functional on an infinite-dimensional generalised oblique manifold. We establish the existence…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-17 R. Altmann , M. Hermann , D. Peterseim , T. Stykel

We propose and analyze a new numerical method for computing the ground state of the modified Gross-Pitaevskii equation for modeling the Bose-Einstein condensate with a higher order interaction by adapting the density function formulation…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2019-08-27 Weizhu Bao , Xinran Ruan

In this article, we study mathematically and numerically the ground states of three-component rotating spin-orbit coupled (SOC) spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates modeled by the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations (CGPEs). Firstly, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Jing Wang , Wei Yang , Yongjun Yuan , Yong Zhang

The computation of the ground states of spin-$F$ Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) can be formulated as an energy minimization problem with two quadratic constraints. We discretize the energy functional and constraints using the Fourier…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-03 Tonghua Tian , Yongyong Cai , Xinming Wu , Zaiwen Wen

This paper studies the localization behaviour of Bose-Einstein condensates in disorder potentials, modeled by a Gross-Pitaevskii eigenvalue problem on a bounded interval. In the regime of weak particle interaction, we are able to quantify…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-10-11 Robert Altmann , Patrick Henning , Daniel Peterseim

We consider a two-dimensional nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation proposed in Physics to model rotational binary Bose-Einstein condensates. The nonlinearity is a logarithmic modification of the usual cubic nonlinearity. The presence of both…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Rémi Carles , Van Duong Dinh , Hichem Hajaiej

We study the existence of energy minimizers for a Bose-Einstein condensate with dipole-dipole interactions, tightly confined to a plane. The problem is critical in that the kinetic energy and the (partially attractive) interaction energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Arnaud Eychenne , Nicolas Rougerie

We consider the 3d cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLS) with a strong 2d harmonic potential. The model is physically relevant to observe the lower-dimensional dynamics of the Bose-Einstein condensate, but its ground state cannot be…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-11-15 Sangdon Jin , Younghun Hong

In this paper, we propose a computable error estimate of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for ground state solution of Bose-Einstein condensates by general conforming finite element methods on general meshes. Based on the proposed error…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Hehu Xie , Manting Xie

We study minimizers of a Gross--Pitaevskii energy describing a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a radially symmetric harmonic trap and set into rotation. We consider the case of coexistence of the components in the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Amandine Aftalion , Benedetta Noris , Christos Sourdis

We show that the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with cubic nonlinearity, as a model to describe the one dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates loaded into a harmonically confined optical lattice, presents a set of ground states which is orbitally…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-28 Rolci Cipolatti , Juan López Gondar , Carlos Trallero-Giner

We investigate the ground states of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a defect located at a fixed point. The nonlinearity is focusing and consists of a subcritical power. The notion of ground state can be defined in…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-05-01 Riccardo Adami , Diego Noja , Nicola Visciglia

The standard calculations of the ground-state energy of a homogeneous Bose gas rely on approximations which are physically reasonable but difficult to control. Lieb and Yngvason [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2504 (1998)] have proved rigorously that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christoph Weiss , Andre Eckardt

This paper investigates numerical methods for approximating the ground state of Bose--Einstein condensates (BECs) by introducing two relaxed formulations of the Gross--Pitaevskii energy functional. These formulations achieve first- and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-30 Jing Guo , Yongyong Cai , Dong Wang

In this work, we consider the numerical computation of ground states and dynamics of single-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The corresponding models are spatially discretized with a multiscale finite element approach known as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Christian Döding , Patrick Henning , Johan Wärnegård

This paper investigates the numerical approximation of ground states of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. This problem requires the minimization of the Gross-Pitaevskii energy $E$ on a Hilbert manifold $\mathbb{S}$. To find a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-19 Patrick Henning , Mahima Yadav
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