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Large language models (LLMs) have achieved decent results on automated program repair (APR). However, the next token prediction training objective of decoder-only LLMs (e.g., GPT-4) is misaligned with the masked span prediction objective of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Junjielong Xu , Ying Fu , Shin Hwei Tan , Pinjia He

Automated program repair techniques, which target to generating correct patches for real world defects automatically, have gained a lot of attention in the last decade. Many different techniques and tools have been proposed and developed.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Jiajun Jiang , Yingfei Xiong

We present a study that characterizes the way developers use automatically generated patches when fixing software defects. Our study tasked two groups of developers with repairing defects in C programs. Both groups were provided with the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-26 José Pablo Cambronero , Jiasi Shen , Jürgen Cito , Elena Glassman , Martin Rinard

Recently, multiple Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proposed to enhance the repair performance. While these techniques mainly focus on the single-line or hunk-level repair, they face…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jiahong Xiang , Xiaoyang Xu , Fanchu Kong , Mingyuan Wu , Zizheng Zhang , Haotian Zhang , Yuqun Zhang

Repairing a large-scale buggy program using current automated program repair (APR) approaches can be a time-consuming operation that requires significant computational resources. We describe a program repair framework that effectively…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Omar I. Al-Bataineh

Recently, we can notice a transition to data-driven techniques in Automated Program Repair (APR), in particular towards deep neural networks. This entails training on hundreds of thousands or even millions of non-executable code fragments.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Julian Aron Prenner , Romain Robbes

Once a failure is observed, the primary concern of the developer is to identify what caused it in order to repair the code that induced the incorrect behavior. Until a permanent repair is afforded, code repair patches are invaluable. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Rawad Abou Assi , Chadi Trad , Wes Masri

Automated generation of feedback on programming assignments holds significant benefits for programming education, especially when it comes to advanced assignments. Automated Program Repair techniques, especially Large Language Model based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Qianhui Zhao , Fang Liu , Li Zhang , Yang Liu , Zhen Yan , Zhenghao Chen , Yufei Zhou , Jing Jiang , Ge Li

Automated Code Revision (ACR) tools aim to reduce manual effort by automatically generating code revisions based on reviewer feedback. While ACR tools have shown promising performance on historical data, their real-world utility depends on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Shirin Pirouzkhah , Souhaila Serbout , Alberto Bacchelli

Ensuring the quality of software systems through testing is essential, yet maintaining test cases poses significant challenges and costs. The need for frequent updates to align with the evolving system under test often entails high…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Ahmadreza Saboor Yaraghi , Darren Holden , Nafiseh Kahani , Lionel Briand

This work proposes PatchNet, an automated tool based on hierarchical deep learning for classifying patches by extracting features from commit messages and code changes. PatchNet contains a deep hierarchical structure that mirrors the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Thong Hoang , Julia Lawall , Richard J. Oentaryo , Yuan Tian , David Lo

LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed for software maintenance tasks such as automated program repair (APR). APR agents automatically fetch GitHub issues and use backend LLMs to generate patches that fix the reported bugs. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Simin Chen , Yixin He , Suman Jana , Baishakhi Ray

Software patches are pivotal in refining and evolving codebases, addressing bugs, vulnerabilities, and optimizations. Patch descriptions provide detailed accounts of changes, aiding comprehension and collaboration among developers. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Thanh Trong Vu , Tuan-Dung Bui , Thanh-Dat Do , Thu-Trang Nguyen , Hieu Dinh Vo , Son Nguyen

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have accelerated the development of AI-driven automated program repair (APR) solutions. However, these solutions are typically evaluated using static benchmarks such as Defects4J and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yinghang Ma , Jiho Shin , Leuson Da Silva , Zhen Ming , Jiang , Song Wang , Foutse Khomh , Shin Hwei Tan

Automated Code Review (ACR) is crucial for software quality, yet existing benchmarks often fail to reflect real-world complexities, hindering the evaluation of modern Large Language Models (LLMs). Current benchmarks frequently focus on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhengran Zeng , Ruikai Shi , Keke Han , Yixin Li , Kaicheng Sun , Yidong Wang , Zhuohao Yu , Rui Xie , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Automated debugging techniques have the potential to reduce developer effort in debugging, and have matured enough to be adopted by industry. However, one critical issue with existing techniques is that, while developers want rationales for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-06 Sungmin Kang , Bei Chen , Shin Yoo , Jian-Guang Lou

Automated Program Repair (APR) has evolved significantly with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs). Fine-tuning LLMs for program repair is a recent avenue of research, with many dimensions which have not been explored. Existing work…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-08 André Silva , Sen Fang , Martin Monperrus

Context: Learning-based automatic program repair techniques are showing promise to provide quality fix suggestions for detected bugs in the source code of the software. These tools mostly exploit historical data of buggy and fixed code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Faria Huq , Masum Hasan , Mahim Anzum Haque Pantho , Sazan Mahbub , Anindya Iqbal , Toufique Ahmed

Automated program repair is already deployed in industry, but concerns remain about repair quality. Recent research has shown that one of the main reasons repair tools produce incorrect (but seemingly correct) patches is imperfect fault…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Manish Motwani , Yuriy Brun

Large language model (LLM)-driven automated program repair (APR) has advanced rapidly, but most methods remain code-centric: they directly rewrite source code and thereby risk hallucinated, behaviorally inconsistent fixes. This limitation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taohong Zhu , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Mustafa A. Mustafa , Youcheng Sun