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Related papers: Learning time-scales in two-layers neural networks

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A key challenge in building theoretical foundations for deep learning is the complex optimization dynamics of neural networks, resulting from the high-dimensional interactions between the large number of network parameters. Such non-trivial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Mohammad Pezeshki , Amartya Mitra , Yoshua Bengio , Guillaume Lajoie

We prove that for a broad class of permutation-equivariant learning rules (including SGD, Adam, and others), the training process induces a bi-Lipschitz mapping between neurons and strongly constrains the topology of the neuron distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Yongyi Yang , Tomaso Poggio , Isaac Chuang , Liu Ziyin

The current deep learning model is of a single-grade, that is, it learns a deep neural network by solving a single nonconvex optimization problem. When the layer number of the neural network is large, it is computationally challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Yuesheng Xu

A recent line of work has shown remarkable behaviors of the generalization error curves in simple learning models. Even the least-squares regression has shown atypical features such as the model-wise double descent, and further works have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-20 Antoine Bodin , Nicolas Macris

The implicit biases of gradient-based optimization algorithms are conjectured to be a major factor in the success of modern deep learning. In this work, we investigate the implicit bias of gradient flow and gradient descent in two-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Spencer Frei , Gal Vardi , Peter L. Bartlett , Nathan Srebro , Wei Hu

Deep learning empirically achieves high performance in many applications, but its training dynamics has not been fully understood theoretically. In this paper, we explore theoretical analysis on training two-layer ReLU neural networks in a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-30 Shunta Akiyama , Taiji Suzuki

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable performance in various fields, particularly in the domain of computer vision. However, why this architecture works well remains to be a mystery. In this work we move a small step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Bing Yu , Junzhao Zhang , Zhanxing Zhu

Understanding the advantages of deep neural networks trained by gradient descent (GD) compared to shallow models remains an open theoretical challenge. In this paper, we introduce a class of target functions (single and multi-index Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-17 Yatin Dandi , Luca Pesce , Lenka Zdeborová , Florent Krzakala

We analyze the training of a two-layer autoencoder used to parameterize a flow-based generative model for sampling from a high-dimensional Gaussian mixture. Previous work shows that the phase where the relative probability between the modes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Santiago Aranguri , Francesco Insulla

While a lot of progress has been made in recent years, the dynamics of learning in deep nonlinear neural networks remain to this day largely misunderstood. In this work, we study the case of binary classification and prove various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Remi Tachet , Mohammad Pezeshki , Samira Shabanian , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Epoch-wise double descent is the phenomenon where generalisation performance improves beyond the point of overfitting, resulting in a generalisation curve exhibiting two descents under the course of learning. Understanding the mechanisms…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-20 Amanda Olmin , Fredrik Lindsten

Conventional studies of network growth models mainly look at the steady state degree distribution of the graph. Often long time behavior is considered, hence the initial condition is ignored. In this contribution, the time evolution of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-05-10 Babak Fotouhi , Michael Rabbat

To understand learning the dynamics of deep ReLU networks, we investigate the dynamic system of gradient flow $w(t)$ by decomposing it to magnitude $w(t)$ and angle $\phi(t):= \pi - \theta(t) $ components. In particular, for multi-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Sangmin Lee , Byeongsu Sim , Jong Chul Ye

In the first part of this paper, we consider a family of continuous-time dynamical systems coupled with diffusion-transmutation processes. Under certain conditions, such randomly perturbed dynamical systems can be interpreted as an averaged…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Getachew K. Befekadu

In this work, we study the training and generalization performance of two-layer neural networks (NNs) after one gradient descent step under structured data modeled by Gaussian mixtures. While previous research has extensively analyzed this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-20 Samet Demir , Zafer Dogan

The diffusion strategy for distributed learning from streaming data employs local stochastic gradient updates along with exchange of iterates over neighborhoods. In Part I [2] of this work we established that agents cluster around a network…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Stefan Vlaski , Ali H. Sayed

Although deep learning has shown its powerful performance in many applications, the mathematical principles behind neural networks are still mysterious. In this paper, we consider the problem of learning a one-hidden-layer neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Shuhao Xia , Yuanming Shi

We perform an average case analysis of the generalization dynamics of large neural networks trained using gradient descent. We study the practically-relevant "high-dimensional" regime where the number of free parameters in the network is on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-11 Madhu S. Advani , Andrew M. Saxe

Gradient-flow analyses show that simplified linear transformers can learn the in-context linear-regression algorithm, but they do not explain the finite-step behavior of gradient descent at large learning rates. Motivated by empirical work…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-21 Krishnakumar Balasubramanian

Interpreting the learning dynamics of neural networks can provide useful insights into how networks learn and the development of better training and design approaches. We present an approach to interpret learning in neural networks by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Ayush Manish Agrawal , Atharva Tendle , Harshvardhan Sikka , Sahib Singh