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Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are a ubiquitous tool to model time series data, and have been widely used in two main tasks of Automatic Music Transcription (AMT): note segmentation, i.e. identifying the played notes after a multi-pitch…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-13 D. Cazau , G. Nuel

Nature, as far as we know, evolves continuously through space and time. Yet the ubiquitous hidden Markov model (HMM)--originally developed for discrete time and space analysis in natural language processing--remains a central tool in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-09 Max Schweiger , Ayush Saurabh , Steve Pressé

The hidden Markov model (HMM) has been a workhorse of single molecule data analysis and is now commonly used as a standalone tool in time series analysis or in conjunction with other analyses methods such as tracking. Here we provide a…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-06-28 Ioannis Sgouralis , Steve Presse

The ability to predict the intentions of people based solely on their visual actions is a skill only performed by humans and animals. The intelligence of current computer algorithms has not reached this level of complexity, but there are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-07 Michael DelRose , Christian Wagner , Philip Frederick

The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a widely-used statistical model for handling sequential data. However, the presence of missing observations in real-world datasets often complicates the application of the model. The EM algorithm and Gibbs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Dongrong Li , Tianwei Yu , Xiaodan Fan

Traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling of hidden Markov models (HMMs) involves latent states underlying an imperfect observation process, and generates posterior samples for top-level parameters concurrently with nuisance…

Computation · Statistics 2016-01-13 Daniel Turek , Perry de Valpine , Christopher J. Paciorek

We study a phase transition in parameter learning of Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). We do this by generating sequences of observed symbols from given discrete HMMs with uniformly distributed transition probabilities and a noise level encoded…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-13 Nikita Rau , Jörg Lücke , Alexander K. Hartmann

Modeling continuous-time physiological processes that manifest a patient's evolving clinical states is a key step in approaching many problems in healthcare. In this paper, we develop the Hidden Absorbing Semi-Markov Model (HASMM): a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-28 Ahmed M. Alaa , Mihaela van der Schaar

We address the problem of analyzing sets of noisy time-varying signals that all report on the same process but confound straightforward analyses due to complex inter-signal heterogeneities and measurement artifacts. In particular we…

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating the parameters of a time-homogeneous hidden Markov model from aggregate observations. This problem arises when only the population level counts of the number of individuals at each time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Rahul Singh , Qinsheng Zhang , Yongxin Chen

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) have become very popular as a computational tool for the analysis of sequential data. They are memoryless machines which transition from one internal state to another, while producing symbols. These symbols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-01 Ben O`Neill , Tom M. Barlow , Dominik Safranek , Almut Beige

We present a model-based approach to learning robust runtime monitors for autonomous systems. Runtime monitors play a crucial role in raising the level of assurance by observing system behavior and predicting potential safety violations. In…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Antonina Skurka , Luko van der Maas , Sebastian Junges , Hazem Torfah

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are a commonly used tool for inference of transcription factor (TF) binding sites from DNA sequence data. We exploit the mathematical equivalence between HMMs for TF binding and the "inverse" statistical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-19 Pankaj Mehta , David Schwab , Anirvan M. Sengupta

Stochastic modelling is an essential component of the quantitative sciences, with hidden Markov models (HMMs) often playing a central role. Concurrently, the rise of quantum technologies promises a host of advantages in computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-22 Thomas J. Elliott

The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) can predict the future value of a time series based on its current and previous values, making it a powerful algorithm for handling various types of time series. Numerous studies have explored the improvement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 YeXin Huang

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been extensively used in the univariate and multivariate literature. However, there has been an increased interest in the analysis of matrix-variate data over the recent years. In this manuscript we…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-16 Salvatore D. Tomarchio , Antonio Punzo , Antonello Maruotti

We introduce the Reduced-Rank Hidden Markov Model (RR-HMM), a generalization of HMMs that can model smooth state evolution as in Linear Dynamical Systems (LDSs) as well as non-log-concave predictive distributions as in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-12-23 Sajid M. Siddiqi , Byron Boots , Geoffrey J. Gordon

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are probabilistic methods in which observations are seen as realizations of a latent Markov process with discrete states that switch over time. Moving beyond standard statistical tests, HMMs offer a statistical…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-20 S. Mildiner Moraga , E. Aarts

The prevalence of hidden Markov models (HMMs) in various applications of statistical signal processing and communications is a testament to the power and flexibility of the model. In this paper, we link the identifiability problem with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-03 Paul Tune , Hung X. Nguyen , Matthew Roughan

Structured distributions, i.e. distributions over combinatorial spaces, are commonly used to learn latent probabilistic representations from observed data. However, scaling these models is bottlenecked by the high computational and memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Justin T. Chiu , Yuntian Deng , Alexander M. Rush