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Geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs), a result of space weather, pose a severe risk to electric grids. When GMDs occur, they can cause geomagnetically-induced currents (GICs), which saturate transformers, induce hot-spot heating, and increase…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-05 Minseok Ryu , Harsha Nagarajan , Russell Bent

In order to correctly model the impacts of geomagnetically induced current (GIC) flows, the generator step-up (GSU) transformer status must be properly modeled. In power flow studies, generators are typically removed from service without…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-25 Jessica L. Wert , Pooria Dehghanian , Jonathan Snodgrass , Thomas J. Overbye

It has long been known that large grounded conducting networks on the surface of Earth are affected by solar activity and geomagnetic storms. Power networks are such extensive grounded conductors and are susceptible to geomagnetically…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-12-11 M. J. Heyns , S. I. Lotz , P. J. Cilliers , C. T. Gaunt

Geomagnetic disturbances are a threat to the reliability and security of our national critical energy infrastructures. These events specifically result in geomagnetically induced currents, which can cause damage to transformers due to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Aniruddh Mishra , Arthur K. Barnes , Jose E. Tabarez , Adam Mate

We present a novel algorithm that predicts the probability that the time derivative of the horizontal component of the ground magnetic field $dB/dt$ exceeds a specified threshold at a given location. This quantity provides important…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 Enrico Camporeale , M. D. Cash , H. J. Singer , C. C. Balch , Z. Huang , G. Toth

We report on the relationship between flux transfer events (FTEs) at Earth's magnetopause and the geoelectric field that is induced near the FTEs' magnetic footpoints. We study this system using the global hybrid-Vlasov code Vlasiator,…

In this paper an attempt is made to verify the hypothesis on the role of geomagnetic disturbances as a factor determining the intensity of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). To improve the statistical validity of the data, we have…

The impact of interplanetary (IP) shocks on the Earth's magnetosphere can greatly disturb the geomagnetic field and electric currents in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. At high latitudes, the current systems most affected by the shocks…

Space Physics · Physics 2024-05-09 Denny M. Oliveira , Eftyhia Zesta , Sergio Vidal-Luengo

One of the best tools we have in geophysical modelling is the ability to interpolate the horizontal geomagnetic field at the surface of the Earth. This is especially useful in regions, such as southern Africa, where there is a sparse array…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-12-11 M. J. Heyns , S. I. Lotz , C. T. Gaunt

At least two mechanisms effectively transfer interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) disturbances into the atmosphere. First, the inflow of solar wind into the ionosphere at low latitudes significantly enhances the total vertical electron…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 A. Chilingarian

Eruptive events of solar activity often trigger abrupt variations of the geomagnetic field. Through the induction of electric currents, human infrastructures are also affected, namely the equipment of electric power transmission networks.…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-07-06 Michal Švanda , Didier Mourenas , Karla Žertová , Tatiana Výbošťoková

Current source models for the Earth's main geomagnetic field are calculated employing conventional discrete inverse theory methods. Source structures are spherical surfaces placed at the surface of the Earth's core, and at the surface of…

Geophysics · Physics 2013-12-18 Terence V. Sewards

Using the international ground-based network of two-frequency receivers of the GPS navigation system provides a means of carrying out a global, continuous and fully-computerized monitoring of phase fluctuations of signals from…

Geophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. L. Afraimovich , V. A. Karachenschev

Wireless power transfer (WPT) with coupled resonators offers a promising solution for the seamless powering of electronic devices. Interactive design approaches that visualize the magnetic field and power transfer efficiency based on system…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Yuichi Honjo , Cedric Caremel , Ken Takaki , Yuta Noma , Yoshihiro Kawahara , Takuya Sasatani

Electric currents flowing through near-Earth space ($\textit{R}$ $\leq$12 $\mathit{R}_{E}$) can support a highly distorted magnetic field topology, changing particle drift paths and therefore having a nonlinear feedback on the currents…

Recently, we have presented the local-ether model, whereby the propagation of earthbound waves is supposed to be referred uniquely to a geostationary inertial frame. Further, in order to comply with this propagation model, the modified…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ching-Chuan Su

We study the generation of an electric current in an ideal conducting coil, immersed in a magnetic field, due to the occurrence of a gravitational perturbation. We show that this effect can be used to detect gravitational waves impinging on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-07 David Edward Bruschi

Estimating high resolution models of the Earth's core magnetic field and its time variation in the polar regions requires that one can adequately account for magnetic signals produced by polar ionospheric currents, which vary on a wide…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-09-11 Clemens Kloss , Christopher C. Finlay , Karl M. Laundal , Nils Olsen

The impact of interplanetary shocks on the magnetosphere can trigger magnetic substorms that intensify auroral electrojet currents. These currents enhance ground magnetic field perturbations (d$B$/d$t$), which in turn generate…

Accurate estimation of solar irradiance is essential for reliable modelling of solar photovoltaic (PV) power production. In Ireland's highly variable maritime climate, where ground-based measurement stations are sparsely distributed,…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-26 Maeve Upton , Eamonn Organ , Amanda Lenzi , James Sweeney