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Related papers: Reactive means in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma

200 papers

Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma(IPD) is a well-known benchmark for studying the long term behaviors of rational agents, such as how cooperation can emerge among selfish and unrelated agents that need to co-exist over long term. Many well-known…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Shiheng Wang , Fangzhen Lin

In an iterated game between two players, there is much interest in characterizing the set of feasible payoffs for both players when one player uses a fixed strategy and the other player is free to switch. Such characterizations have led to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-18 Alex McAvoy , Martin A. Nowak

Reciprocity is an important feature of human social interaction and underpins our cooperative nature. What is more, simple forms of reciprocity have proved remarkably resilient in matrix game social dilemmas. Most famously, the tit-for-tat…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Tom Eccles , Edward Hughes , János Kramár , Steven Wheelwright , Joel Z. Leibo

The Prisoner's Dilemma has been a subject of extensive research due to its importance in understanding the ever-present tension between individual self-interest and social benefit. A strictly dominant strategy in a Prisoner's Dilemma…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-17 John J. Nay , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

We use replicator dynamics to study an iterated prisoners' dilemma game with memory. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of all 32 possible strategies with a single-step memory by observing the results when each strategy…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-06 Young Jin Kim , Myungkyoon Roh , Seung-Woo Son

We investigate the win-lose relations between strategies of iterated prisoner's dilemma games by using a directed network concept to display the replicator dynamics results. In the giant strongly-connected component of the win/lose network,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-01-16 Young Jin Kim , Myungkyoon Roh , Seon-Young Jeong , Seung-Woo Son

In repeated interactions between individuals, we do not expect that exactly the same situation will occur from one time to another. Contrary to what is common in models of repeated games in the literature, most real situations may differ a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Anders Eriksson , Kristian Lindgren

Cooperation is usually represented as a Prisoner's Dilemma game. Although individual self-interest may not favour cooperation, cooperation can evolve if, for example, players interact multiple times adjusting their behaviour accordingly to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-04-29 Elton J. S. Júnior , Lucas Wardil , Jafferson K. L. da Silva

The nodes of a regular two-dimensional lattice play a game based on the joint action of two distinct levels. At the first step of the game, using a random prescription half players are assigned the cooperation and half the defection state.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-12-02 Korosh Mahmoodi , Paolo Grigolini

One of the most direct human mechanisms of promoting cooperation is rewarding it. We study the effect of sharing a reward among cooperators in the most stringent form of social dilemma, namely the Prisoner's Dilemma. Specifically, for a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-02-02 J. A. Cuesta , R. Jimenez , H. Lugo , A. Sanchez

Matrix games like Prisoner's Dilemma have guided research on social dilemmas for decades. However, they necessarily treat the choice to cooperate or defect as an atomic action. In real-world social dilemmas these choices are temporally…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-02-13 Joel Z. Leibo , Vinicius Zambaldi , Marc Lanctot , Janusz Marecki , Thore Graepel

Recent work has revealed a new class of "zero-determinant" (ZD) strategies for iterated, two-player games. ZD strategies allow a player to unilaterally enforce a linear relationship between her score and her opponent's score, and thus…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-12-30 Alexander J. Stewart , Joshua B. Plotkin

Is it possible to evaluate the moral cognition of complex artificial agents? In this work, we take a look at one aspect of morality: `doing the right thing for the right reasons.' We propose a behavior-based analysis of artificial moral…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yiran Mao , Madeline G. Reinecke , Markus Kunesch , Edgar A. Duéñez-Guzmán , Ramona Comanescu , Julia Haas , Joel Z. Leibo

Ever since Axelrod's seminal work, tournaments served as the main benchmark for evaluating strategies in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma (IPD). In this work, we first introduce a strategy for the IPD which outperforms previous tournament…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Adrian Hutter

We will study a population of individuals playing the infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma under replicator dynamics. The population consists of three kinds of individuals using the following reactive strategies: ALLD (individuals which…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-04 Irene Núñez Rodríguez , Armando G. M. Neves

The recent discovery of zero-determinant strategies for the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma sparked a surge of interest in the surprising fact that a player can exert unilateral control over iterated interactions. These remarkable strategies,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-04-12 Alex McAvoy , Christoph Hauert

Humans and other animals can adapt their social behavior in response to environmental cues including the feedback obtained through experience. Nevertheless, the effects of the experience-based learning of players in evolution and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-04-05 Naoki Masuda , Mitsuhiro Nakamura

Generative model-based imitation learning methods have recently achieved strong results in learning high-complexity motor skills from human demonstrations. However, imitation learning of interactive policies that coordinate with humans in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Max M. Sun , Todd Murphey

In shared autonomy, a critical tension arises when an automated assistant must choose between obeying a human's instruction and deliberately overriding it to prevent harm. This safety-critical behavior is known as intelligent disobedience.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Benedikt Hornig , Reuth Mirsky

Game theory provides a quantitative framework for analyzing the behavior of rational agents. The Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma in particular has become a standard model for studying cooperation and cheating, with cooperation often emerging as…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-18 Alexander J. Stewart , Joshua B. Plotkin