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Online platforms usually suffer from user experience degradation due to near-duplicate items with similar visuals and text. While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) enable multimodal embedding, existing methods treat representations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Guoxiao Zhang , Ao Li , Tan Qu , Qianlong Xie , Xingxing Wang

This study investigates the position bias in information retrieval, where models tend to overemphasize content at the beginning of passages while neglecting semantically relevant information that appears later. To analyze the extent and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Ziyang Zeng , Dun Zhang , Jiacheng Li , Panxiang Zou , Yudong Zhou , Yuqing Yang

Feature selection is an important but challenging task in causal inference for obtaining unbiased estimates of causal quantities. Properly selected features in causal inference not only significantly reduce the time required to implement a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-04 Tianyu Yang , Md. Noor-E-Alam

Numerous studies have shown that machine learning algorithms can latch onto protected attributes such as race and gender and generate predictions that systematically discriminate against one or more groups. To date the majority of bias and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Matheus Schmitz , Rehan Ahmed , Jimi Cao

In most recent studies, gender bias in document ranking is evaluated with the NFaiRR metric, which measures bias in a ranked list based on an aggregation over the unbiasedness scores of each ranked document. This perspective in measuring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Amin Abolghasemi , Leif Azzopardi , Arian Askari , Maarten de Rijke , Suzan Verberne

Singh et al. (2020) point out the dangers of contextual bias in visual recognition datasets. They propose two methods, CAM-based and feature-split, that better recognize an object or attribute in the absence of its typical context while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Sharon Zhang , Nicole Meister , Olga Russakovsky

Multimodal emotion recognition plays a crucial role in enhancing user experience in human-computer interaction. Over the past few decades, researchers have proposed a series of algorithms and achieved impressive progress. Although each…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Zheng Lian , Licai Sun , Yong Ren , Hao Gu , Haiyang Sun , Lan Chen , Bin Liu , Jianhua Tao

In an era where AI-driven hiring is transforming recruitment practices, concerns about fairness and bias have become increasingly important. To explore these issues, we introduce a benchmark, FAIRE (Fairness Assessment In Resume…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Athena Wen , Tanush Patil , Ansh Saxena , Yicheng Fu , Sean O'Brien , Kevin Zhu

Re-ranking is a process of rearranging ranking list to more effectively meet user demands by accounting for the interrelationships between items. Existing methods predominantly enhance the precision of search results, often at the expense…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Huimu Wang , Mingming Li , Dadong Miao , Songlin Wang , Guoyu Tang , Lin Liu , Sulong Xu , Jinghe Hu

We investigate the prominent class of fair representation learning methods for bias mitigation. Using causal reasoning to define and formalise different sources of dataset bias, we reveal important implicit assumptions inherent to these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Charles Jones , Fabio de Sousa Ribeiro , Mélanie Roschewitz , Daniel C. Castro , Ben Glocker

Inference of user context information, including user's gender, age, marital status, location and so on, has been proven to be valuable for building context aware recommender system. However, prevalent existing studies on user context…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Jinliang Xu , Shangguang Wang , Fangchun Yang , Jie Tang

Unbiased CLTR requires click propensities to compensate for the difference between user clicks and true relevance of search results via IPS. Current propensity estimation methods assume that user click behavior follows the PBM and estimate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-26 Ali Vardasbi , Maarten de Rijke , Ilya Markov

Rankings, especially those in search and recommendation systems, often determine how people access information and how information is exposed to people. Therefore, how to balance the relevance and fairness of information exposure is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Tao Yang , Qingyao Ai

Large language models are widely used across domains, yet there are concerns about their factual reliability and biases. Factual knowledge probing offers a systematic means to evaluate these aspects. Most existing benchmarks focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Evren Ayberk Munis , Deniz Yılmaz , Arianna Muti , Çağrı Toraman

Valid statistical inference is challenging when the sample is subject to unknown selection bias. Data integration can be used to correct for selection bias when we have a parallel probability sample from the same population with some common…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-24 Zhonglei Wang , Shu Yang , Jae Kwang Kim

We study the power of query access for the task of agnostic learning under the Gaussian distribution. In the agnostic model, no assumptions are made on the labels and the goal is to compute a hypothesis that is competitive with the {\em…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Vasilis Kontonis , Christos Tzamos , Nikos Zarifis

Inferring evaluation scores based on human judgments is invaluable compared to using current evaluation metrics which are not suitable for real-time applications e.g. post-editing. However, these judgments are much more expensive to collect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Ibrahim Sabek , Noha A. Yousri , Nagwa Elmakky , Mona Habib

Ranking items regarding individual user interests is a core technique of multiple downstream tasks such as recommender systems. Learning such a personalized ranker typically relies on the implicit feedback from users' past click-through…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Jiarui Jin , Zexue He , Mengyue Yang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu , Jun Wang , Julian McAuley

Combining match scores from different biometric systems via fusion is a well-established approach to improving recognition accuracy. However, missing scores can degrade performance as well as limit the possible fusion techniques that can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Melissa R Dale , Elliot Singer , Bengt J. Borgström , Arun Ross

The goal of unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) is to leverage implicit user feedback for optimizing learning-to-rank systems. Among existing solutions, automatic ULTR algorithms that jointly learn user bias models (i.e., propensity models)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Chenliang Li , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison