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The paradigm of measurement-based quantum computation opens new experimental avenues to realize a quantum computer and deepens our understanding of quantum physics. Measurement-based quantum computation starts from a highly entangled…

Bell sampling is a simple yet powerful tool based on measuring two copies of a quantum state in the Bell basis, and has found applications in a plethora of problems related to stabiliser states and measures of magic. However, it was not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Jonathan Allcock , Joao F. Doriguello , Gábor Ivanyos , Miklos Santha

Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a protocol for quantum computation that represents a model distinct from the circuit-based approach. MBQC has been proposed not only for qubits but also for qudits, continuous-variable (CV)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Genji Fujii

By encoding a qudit in a harmonic oscillator and investigating the d --> infinity limit, we give an entirely new realization of continuous-variable quantum computation. The generalized Pauli group is generated by number and phase operators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Barry C Sanders , Stephen D. Bartlett , Hubert de Guise

We introduce an approach for estimating the expectation values of arbitrary $n$-qubit matrices $M \in \mathbb{C}^{2^n\times 2^n}$ on a quantum computer. In contrast to conventional methods like the Pauli decomposition that utilize $4^n$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Dingjie Lu , Yangfan Li , Dax Enshan Koh , Zhao Wang , Jun Liu , Zhuangjian Liu

Pauli Correlation Encoding (PCE) is as a qubit-efficient variational approach to combinatorial optimization problems. The method offers a polynomial reduction in qubit count and a super-polynomial suppression of barren plateaus. Here, we…

Quantum computation offers a promising new kind of information processing, where the non-classical features of quantum mechanics can be harnessed and exploited. A number of models of quantum computation exist, including the now well-studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-03 H. J. Briegel , D. E. Browne , W. Dür , R. Raussendorf , M. Van den Nest

Blind quantum computation (BQC) enables a client with less quantum computational ability to delegate her quantum computation to a server with strong quantum computational power while preserving the client's privacy. Generally, many-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-11 Xiaoqian Zhang

We show that every quantum computation can be described by Bayesian update of a probability distribution on a finite state space. When applied to the model of quantum computation with magic states, the size of this state space only depends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-02 Michael Zurel , Cihan Okay , Robert Raussendorf

Fault-tolerant quantum computing will require accurate estimates of the resource overhead, but standard metrics such as gate fidelity and diamond distance have been shown to be poor predictors of logical performance. We present a scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Entanglement depth quantifies how many qubits share genuine multipartite entanglement, but certification typically relies on tailored witnesses or full tomography, both of which scale poorly with system size. We recast entanglement-depth…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Marcin Płodzień

The process of reconstructing quantum states from experimental measurements, accomplished through quantum state tomography (QST), plays a crucial role in verifying and benchmarking quantum devices. A key challenge of QST is to find out how…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-08 Zhen Qin , Casey Jameson , Zhexuan Gong , Michael B. Wakin , Zhihui Zhu

Unit commitment is an important optimization problem in power system operations, classified as NP-hard. This paper presents a hybrid quantum-classical method for the unit commitment problem with time-dependent constraints, where decisions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Kien X. Nguyen , Ilya Safro , Xiaoyuan Liu

Measurement-based quantum computation is a framework of quantum computation, where entanglement is used as a resource and local measurements on qubits are used to drive the computation. It originates from the one-way quantum computer of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-22 Tzu-Chieh Wei

Variational quantum algorithms (VQA) based on Hamiltonian simulation represent a specialized class of quantum programs well-suited for near-term quantum computing applications due to its modest resource requirements in terms of qubits and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Zhaohui Yang , Dawei Ding , Chenghong Zhu , Jianxin Chen , Yuan Xie

Motivated by the limited qubit capacity of current quantum systems, we study the quantum sample complexity of $k$-qubit quantum operators, i.e., operations applicable on only $k$ out of $d$ qubits. The problem is studied according to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Mohsen Heidari , Wojciech Szpankowski

Magic state distillation, a process for preparing magic states needed to implement non-Clifford gates fault-tolerantly, plays a crucial role in fault-tolerant quantum computation. Historically, it has been a major bottleneck, leading to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Yutaka Hirano , Keisuke Fujii

The performance of a given quantum error correction (QEC) code depends upon the noise model that is assumed. Independent Pauli noise, applied after each quantum operation, is a simplistic noise model that is easy to simulate and understand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Wayne M. Witzel , Anand Ganti , Tzvetan S. Metodi

Quantum computation promises applications that are thought to be impossible with classical computation. To realize practical quantum computation, the following three properties will be necessary: universality, scalability, and…

Digital computers store information in the form of bits that can take on one of two values 0 and 1, while quantum computers are based on qubits that are described by a complex wavefunction, whose squared magnitude gives the probability of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Jan Kaiser , Supriyo Datta