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We introduce an elastic-driven self-folding approach that fabricates robots directly from flat 3D-printed conductive PLA nets. Elastic bands routed through printed hooks store energy that folds the sheet into programmed 3D geometries, while…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Gaolin Ge , Qifeng Yang , Haoran Lu , Tingyu Cheng , Martin Nisser , Yiyue Luo

We propose a sensory substitution device that communicates one-degree-of-freedom proprioceptive feedback via deep pressure stimulation on the arm. The design is motivated by the need for a feedback modality detectable by individuals with a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Sreela Kodali , Brian B. Vuong , Thomas. C. Bulea , Alexander T. Chesler , Carsten G. Bönnemann , Allison M. Okamura

The success of soft robots in displaying emergent behaviors is tightly linked to the compliant interaction with the environment. However, to exploit such phenomena, proprioceptive sensing methods which do not hinder their softness are…

Soft bodies made from flexible and deformable materials are popular in many robotics applications, but their proprioceptive sensing has been a long-standing challenge. In other words, there has hardly been a method to measure and model the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Ruoyu Wang , Shiheng Wang , Songyu Du , Erdong Xiao , Wenzhen Yuan , Chen Feng

Tactile sensors have a wide range of applications, from utilization in robotic grippers to human motion measurement. If tactile sensors could be fabricated and integrated more easily, their applicability would further expand. In this study,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Shunnosuke Yoshimura , Kento Kawaharazuka , Kei Okada

This paper presents a vision-based sensing approach for a soft linear actuator, which is equipped with an integrated camera. The proposed vision-based sensing pipeline predicts the three-dimensional position of a point of interest on the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Peter Werner , Matthias Hofer , Carmelo Sferrazza , Raffaello D'Andrea

Impressive animal locomotion capabilities are mediated by the co-evolution of the skeletal morphology and muscular properties. Legged robot performance would also likely benefit from the co-optimization of actuators and leg morphology.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Karthik Urs , Challen Enninful Adu , Elliott J. Rouse , Talia Y. Moore

Wearable and legged robot designers face multiple challenges when choosing actuation. Traditional fully actuated designs using electric motors are multifunctional but oversized and inefficient for bearing conservative loads and for being…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jeff Denis , Frederic Laberge , Jean-Sebastien Plante , Alexandre Girard

While its biological significance is well-documented, its application in soft robotics, particularly for the transport of fragile and irregularly shaped objects, remains underexplored. This study presents a modular soft robotic actuator…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Brian Ye , Zhuonan Hao , Priya Shah , Mohammad Khalid Jawed

Soft actuators have drawn significant attention from researchers with an inherently compliant design to address the safety issues in physical human-robot interactions. However, they are also vulnerable and pose new challenges in the design,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Yaohui Chen , Sing Le , Qiao Chu Tan , Oscar Lau , Chaoyang Song

This study introduces an innovative design for a Variable Stiffness 3 Degrees of Freedom actuated wrist capable of actively and continuously adjusting its overall stiffness by modulating the active length of non-linear elastic elements.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Giuseppe Milazzo , Manuel Giuseppe Catalano , Antonio Bicchi , Giorgio Grioli

Soft robots enable safe, adaptive interaction with complex environments but remain difficult to sense and control due to their highly deformable structures. Architected soft materials such as helicoid lattices offer tunable stiffness and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Annan Zhang , Hanna Matusik , Miguel Flores-Acton , Emily R. Sologuren , Joshua Jacob , Daniela Rus

Over the past decades, we have witnessed a rapid emergence of soft and reconfigurable robots thanks to their capability to interact safely with humans and adapt to complex environments. However, their softness makes accurate control very…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Jun Wang , Zhi Qiao , Wenlong Zhang , Suyi Li

We address the challenge of reliable and accurate proprioception in soft robots, specifically those with tight packaging constraints and relying only on internally embedded sensors. While various sensing approaches with single sensors have…

This study demonstrates the first realization of wireless strain, temperature and crack growth sensing within 3D-printed metallic structures using standard electromagnetic inspection hardware. This establishes a path toward need-based…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Connor G. McMahan , Chia-Ming Chang , Raymond Nguyen , Souren Soukiazian , David A. Smith , Tobias Schaedler , David Shahan

Many soft-body organisms found in nature flourish underwater. Similarly, soft robots are potentially well-suited for underwater environments partly because the problematic effects of gravity, friction, and harmonic oscillations are less…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-07 W. David Null , Y Z

This paper investigates the influence of the internal geometrical structure of soft pneu-nets on the dynamic response and hysteresis of the actuators. The research findings indicate that by strategically manipulating the stress distribution…

Wearable fingertip haptic interfaces provide tactile stimuli on the fingerpads by applying skin pressure, linear and rotational shear, and vibration. Designing and fabricating a compact, multi-degree-of-freedom, and forceful fingertip…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Zhenishbek Zhakypov , Allison M. Okamura

Robots built from soft materials can alter their shape and size in a particular profile. This shape-changing ability could be extremely helpful for rescue robots and those operating in unknown terrains and environments. In changing shape,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Vishesh Vikas , Eliad Cohen , Rob Grassi , Canberk Sozer , Barry Trimmer

Proprioception is the "sixth sense" that detects limb postures with motor neurons. It requires a natural integration between the musculoskeletal systems and sensory receptors, which is challenging among modern robots that aim for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Xiaobo Liu , Xudong Han , Wei Hong , Fang Wan , Chaoyang Song