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Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating text that closely resembles human writing across wide range of styles and genres. However, such capabilities are prone to potential abuse, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Harika Abburi , Kalyani Roy , Michael Suesserman , Nirmala Pudota , Balaji Veeramani , Edward Bowen , Sanmitra Bhattacharya

Existing text-to-image generative models reflect or even amplify societal biases ingrained in their training data. This is especially concerning for human image generation where models are biased against certain demographic groups. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Robik Shrestha , Yang Zou , Qiuyu Chen , Zhiheng Li , Yusheng Xie , Siqi Deng

With widening deployments of natural language processing (NLP) in daily life, inherited social biases from NLP models have become more severe and problematic. Previous studies have shown that word embeddings trained on human-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Lei Ding , Dengdeng Yu , Jinhan Xie , Wenxing Guo , Shenggang Hu , Meichen Liu , Linglong Kong , Hongsheng Dai , Yanchun Bao , Bei Jiang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) in information retrieval has raised a critical reevaluation of fairness in the text-ranking models. LLMs, such as GPT models and Llama2, have shown effectiveness in natural language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yuan Wang , Xuyang Wu , Hsin-Tai Wu , Zhiqiang Tao , Yi Fang

Recent literature has suggested the potential of using large language models (LLMs) to make classifications for tabular tasks. However, LLMs have been shown to exhibit harmful social biases that reflect the stereotypes and inequalities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yanchen Liu , Srishti Gautam , Jiaqi Ma , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Pre-ranking is a critical stage in industrial recommendation systems, tasked with efficiently scoring thousands of recalled items for downstream ranking. A key challenge is the train-serving discrepancy: pre-ranking models are trained only…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Junyu Bi , Xinting Niu , Daixuan Cheng , Kun Yuan , Tao Wang , Binbin Cao , Jian Wu , Yuning Jiang

There are concerns that neural language models may preserve some of the stereotypes of the underlying societies that generate the large corpora needed to train these models. For example, gender bias is a significant problem when generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Omar U. Florez

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) underscores the urgent need to ensure their fairness. However, LLMs frequently present dominant viewpoints while ignoring alternative perspectives from minority parties, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Tianlin Li , Xiaoyu Zhang , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Qian Liu , Qing Guo , Chao Shen , Yang Liu

Fine-tuned pre-trained language models (PLMs) have achieved awesome performance on almost all NLP tasks. By using additional prompts to fine-tune PLMs, we can further stimulate the rich knowledge distributed in PLMs to better serve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xu Han , Weilin Zhao , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large-scale, transformer-based language models such as GPT-2 are pretrained on diverse corpora scraped from the internet. Consequently, they are prone to generating non-normative text (i.e. in violation of social norms). We introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Xiangyu Peng , Siyan Li , Spencer Frazier , Mark Riedl

In the quest for fairness in artificial intelligence, novel approaches to enhance it in facial image based gender classification algorithms using text guided methodologies are presented. The core methodology involves leveraging semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Anoop Krishnan

As Large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into our lives, their inherent social biases remain a pressing concern. Detecting and evaluating these biases can be challenging because they are often implicit rather than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Katherine Abramski , Giulio Rossetti , Massimo Stella

To mitigate societal biases implicitly encoded in recent successful pretrained language models, a diverse array of approaches have been proposed to encourage model fairness, focusing on prompting, data augmentation, regularized fine-tuning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jingxuan Xu , Wuyang Chen , Linyi Li , Yao Zhao , Yunchao Wei

Bias mitigation approaches reduce models' dependence on sensitive features of data, such as social group tokens (SGTs), resulting in equal predictions across the sensitive features. In hate speech detection, however, equalizing model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Aida Mostafazadeh Davani , Ali Omrani , Brendan Kennedy , Mohammad Atari , Xiang Ren , Morteza Dehghani

For extremely weak-supervised text classification, pioneer research generates pseudo labels by mining texts similar to the class names from the raw corpus, which may end up with very limited or even no samples for the minority classes.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Letian Peng , Yi Gu , Chengyu Dong , Zihan Wang , Jingbo Shang

Recent work in large language modeling (LLMs) has used fine-tuning to align outputs with the preferences of a prototypical user. This work assumes that human preferences are static and homogeneous across individuals, so that aligning to a a…

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have transformed visual content creation, producing highly realistic images from natural language prompts. However, concerns persist around their potential to replicate and magnify existing societal biases. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Sedat Porikli , Vedat Porikli

The high inference cost of Large Language Models (LLMs) poses challenges, especially for tasks requiring lengthy outputs. However, natural language often contains redundancy, which presents an opportunity for optimization. We have observed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Alfredo Garrachón Ruiz , Tomás de la Rosa , Daniel Borrajo

Existing debiasing techniques are typically training-based or require access to the model's internals and output distributions, so they are inaccessible to end-users looking to adapt LLM outputs for their particular needs. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Shaz Furniturewala , Surgan Jandial , Abhinav Java , Pragyan Banerjee , Simra Shahid , Sumit Bhatia , Kokil Jaidka