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Caustics occur in diverse physical systems, spanning the nano-scale in electron microscopy to astronomical-scale in gravitational lensing. As envelopes of rays, optical caustics result in sharp edges or extended networks. Caustics in…

Photonic devices rarely provide both elaborate spatial control and sharp spectral control over an incoming wavefront. In optical metasurfaces, for example, the localized modes of individual meta-units govern the wavefront shape over a broad…

Optics · Physics 2022-01-27 Stephanie C. Malek , Adam C. Overvig , Andrea Alù , Nanfang Yu

Nonlinear optics is a rapidly growing field that has found a wide range of applications. A major limitation, however, is the demand of high power, especially for high-order nonlinearities. Here, by reconfiguring a multiple-scattering…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-19 Yaniv Eliezer , Ulrich Ruhrmair , Nils Wisiol , Stefan Bittner , Hui Cao

Rapid progress in the development of metasurfaces allowed to replace bulky optical assemblies with thin nanostructured films, often called metasurfaces, opening a broad range of novel and superior applications to the generation,…

Optics · Physics 2021-05-26 Alexander S. Solntsev , Girish S. Agarwal , Yuri S. Kivshar

Designing reconfigurable metasurfaces that can dynamically control scattered electromagnetic waves and work in the near-infrared (NIR) and optical regimes remains a challenging task, which is hindered by the static material property and…

Optical bound-states in the continuum (BICs) have greatly enriched the field of nonlinear optics with novel ways to control and manipulate light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. This has been made possible by their unique physical…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-17 Ji Tong Wang , Nicolae C. Panoiu

Abstract: The ability to arbitrarily and flexibly control the polarization of light, including both the state of polarization (SoP) and the degree of polarization (DoP), is highly important for quantum optics, polarization imaging, and…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-13 Zhi Cheng , Zhou Zhou , Zhuo Wang , Yue Wang , Changyuan Yu

Sum frequency generation (SFG) has multiple applications, from optical sources to imaging, where efficient conversion requires either long interaction distances or large field concentrations in a quadratic nonlinear material. Metasurfaces…

Optics · Physics 2024-08-22 Neuton Li , Jihua Zhang , Dragomir N. Neshev , Andrey A. Sukhorukov

The full-dimensional spatial light meta-modulator requires simultaneous, arbitrary and independent manipulation of spatial phase, amplitude, and polarization. It is an essential step towards harnessing complete dimensional resources of…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-29 Jinwei Zeng , Jinrun Zhang , Yajuan Dong , Jian Wang

Photonic metamaterials are man-made structures composed of tailored micro- or nanostructured metallo-dielectric sub-wavelength building blocks that are densely packed into an effective material. This deceptively simple, yet powerful, truly…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-30 Costas M. Soukoulis , Martin Wegener

Structured light plays an important role in metrology, optical trapping and manipulation, communications, quantum technologies, nonlinear optics and provides a rich playground for addressing new optical phenomena. Here we demonstrate a…

Metasurfaces are subwavelength structured thin films consisting of arrays of units that allow the controls of polarization, phase and amplitude of light over a subwavelength thickness. The recent developments in topological photonics have…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-02 Jian Wei You , Zhihao Lan , Qian Ma , Zhen Gao , Yihao Yang , Fei Gao , Meng Xiao , Tie Jun Cui

Vectorial structured light with spatially varying amplitude, phase, and polarization is reshaping many areas of modern optics, including nonlinear optics, as diverse parametric processes can be used to explore interactions between such…

Tailoring the degrees of freedom (DoF) of light for a desired purpose, so-called structured light, has delivered numerous advances over the past decade, ranging from communications and quantum cryptography to optical trapping, and…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-31 Sachleen Singh , Isaac Nape , Andrew Forbes

Holography has emerged as a vital approach to fully engineer the wavefronts of light since its invention dating back to the last century. However, the typically large pixel size, small field of view and limited space-bandwidth impose…

Optics · Physics 2019-03-26 Lingling Huang , Shuang Zhang , Thomas Zentgraf

Metasurfaces are optically thin metamaterials that promise complete control of the wavefront of light but are primarily used to control only the phase of light. Here, we present an approach, simple in concept and in practice, that uses…

Metasurface lenses are miniature flat lenses that can precisely control the phase, amplitude, and polarization of incident light by modulating the parameters of each unit on the substrate. Compared with conventional optical lenses, they…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-02 Runhui Zhong , Jinzhong Ling , Yangyang Li , Xudong Yang , Xiaorui Wang

Diffractive photonic devices manipulate light via local and nonlocal optical modes. Local devices, such as metasurfaces, can shape a wavefront at multiple selected wavelengths, but inevitably modify light across the spectrum; nonlocal…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-08 Adam C. Overvig , Stephanie C. Malek , Nanfang Yu

The rapid development of metasurfaces - 2D ensembles of engineered nanostructures - is presently fostering a steady drive towards the miniaturization of many optical functionalities and devices to a subwavelength size. The material…