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Tree species classification plays an important role in nature conservation, forest inventories, forest management, and the protection of endangered species. Over the past four decades, remote sensing technologies have been extensively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Colverd Grace , Schade Laura , Takami Jumpei , Bot Karol , Gallego Joseph

Accurate forest canopy height estimation is essential for evaluating aboveground biomass and carbon stock dynamics, supporting ecosystem monitoring services like timber provisioning, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Jose B. Castro , Cheryl Rogers , Camile Sothe , Dominic Cyr , Alemu Gonsamo

3D point clouds of natural environments relevant to problems in geomorphology often require classification of the data into elementary relevant classes. A typical example is the separation of riparian vegetation from ground in fluvial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-01-25 Nicolas Brodu , Dimitri Lague

For an autonomous vehicle, the ability to sense its surroundings and to build an overall representation of the environment by fusing different sensor data streams is fundamental. To this end, the poses of all sensors need to be accurately…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Brahayam Ponton , Magda Ferri , Lars Koenig , Marcus Bartels

Multi-agent systems, e.g., automobiles and UAVs (Unmanned Ariel Vehicles), rely on the precision of onboard sensors to accurately perceive their environment, which in turn depends on the precision of onboard sensors and reliable in-field…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Bichi Zhang , Holger Caesar , Raj Thilak Rajan

Our previous works have demonstrated that visually realistic 3D meshes can be automatically reconstructed with low-cost, off-the-shelf unmanned aerial systems (UAS) equipped with capable cameras, and efficient photogrammetric software…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Meida Chen , Andrew Feng , Kyle McCullough , Pratusha Bhuvana Prasad , Ryan McAlinden , Lucio Soibelman , Mike Enloe

Accurate tree detection is of growing importance in applications such as urban planning, forest inventory, and environmental monitoring. In this article, we present an approach to creating tree maps by annotating them in 3D point clouds.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Michael Kölle , Volker Walter , Ivan Shiller , Uwe Soergel

Accurate forest stand delineation is essential for forest inventory and management but remains a largely manual and subjective process. A recent study has shown that deep learning can produce stand delineations comparable to expert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Håkon Næss Sandum , Hans Ole Ørka , Oliver Tomic , Terje Gobakken

We present a solution for autonomous forest inventory with a legged robotic platform. Compared to their wheeled and aerial counterparts, legged platforms offer an attractive balance of endurance and low soil impact for forest applications.…

Tree perception is an essential building block toward autonomous forestry operations. Current developments generally consider input data from lidar sensors to solve forest navigation, tree detection and diameter estimation problems. Whereas…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Vincent Grondin , Jean-Michel Fortin , François Pomerleau , Philippe Giguère

Saplings are key indicators of forest regeneration and overall forest health. However, their fine-scale architectural traits are difficult to capture with existing 3D sensing methods, which make quantitative evaluation difficult.…

In LiDAR-based environment perception systems, ground segmentation is a key preprocessing step supporting various applications such as mapping and navigation. Although extensively studied, problems such as reflection noise and isolated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yu Li , Volker Schwieger

Recently, the rapid development of Solid-State LiDAR (SSL) enables low-cost and efficient obtainment of 3D point clouds from the environment, which has inspired a large quantity of studies and applications. However, the non-uniformity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Jiahe Cui , Jianwei Niu , Zhenchao Ouyang , Yunxiang He , Dian Liu

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can obtain tree point cloud with high precision and high density. Efficient classification of wood points and leaf points is essential to study tree structural parameters and ecological characteristics. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Jingqian Sun , Pei Wang , Zhiyong Gao , Zichu Liu , Yaxin Li , Xiaozheng Gan

The analysis of the multi-layer structure of wild forests is an important challenge of automated large-scale forestry. While modern aerial LiDARs offer geometric information across all vegetation layers, most datasets and methods focus only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Ekaterina Kalinicheva , Loic Landrieu , Clément Mallet , Nesrine Chehata

Mapping standing dead trees is crucial for acquiring information on the effects of climate change on forests and forest biodiversity. However, leveraging high-quality aerial imagery for dead tree segmentation poses challenges due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mete Ahishali , Anis Ur Rahman , Einari Heinaro , Aysen Degerli , Samuli Junttila

Mapping individual tree crowns is essential for tasks such as maintaining urban tree inventories and monitoring forest health, which help us understand and care for our environment. However, automatically separating the crowns from each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Julius Pesonen , Stefan Rua , Josef Taher , Niko Koivumäki , Xiaowei Yu , Eija Honkavaara

With recent developments in remote sensing technologies, plot-level forest resources can be predicted utilizing airborne laser scanning (ALS). The prediction is often assisted by mostly vertical summaries of the ALS point clouds. We present…

Applications · Statistics 2021-05-03 Henrike Häbel , András Balázs , Mari Myllymäki

This article presents HOTFLoc++, an end-to-end hierarchical framework for LiDAR place recognition, re-ranking, and 6-DoF metric localisation in forests. Leveraging an octree-based transformer, our approach extracts features at multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Ethan Griffiths , Maryam Haghighat , Simon Denman , Clinton Fookes , Milad Ramezani

Accurate quantification of forest coverage and combustible biomass (fuel load) is critical for wildfire risk assessment and ecosystem management. However, traditional methods relying on airborne LiDAR or field surveys are cost-prohibitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Quanyun Wu , Kyle Gao , Wentao Sun , Zhengsen Xu , Hudson Sun , Linlin Xu , Yuhao Chen , David A. Clausi , Jonathan Li
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