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High-quality, large-scale instructions are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs), however, there is a severe shortage of instruction in the field of natural language understanding (NLU). Previous works on constructing NLU…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Lin Yuan , Jun Xu , Honghao Gui , Mengshu Sun , Zhiqiang Zhang , Lei Liang , Jun Zhou

We present Kakugo, a novel and cost-effective pipeline designed to train general-purpose Small Language Models (SLMs) for low-resource languages using only the language name as input. By using a large teacher model to generate synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Peter Devine , Mardhiyah Sanni , Farid Adilazuarda , Julieta Gil Loizaga , Barry Haddow

JuMP is an open-source modeling language that allows users to express a wide range of optimization problems (linear, mixed-integer, quadratic, conic-quadratic, semidefinite, and nonlinear) in a high-level, algebraic syntax. JuMP takes…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-08 Iain Dunning , Joey Huchette , Miles Lubin

Online shopping is a complex multi-task, few-shot learning problem with a wide and evolving range of entities, relations, and tasks. However, existing models and benchmarks are commonly tailored to specific tasks, falling short of capturing…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming information extraction from academic literature, offering new possibilities for knowledge management. This study presents an LLM-based system designed to extract detailed information about…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Jiseung Yoo , Curran Mahowald , Meiyu Li , Wei Ai

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs), e.g., SciBERT, generally requires large numbers of annotated data to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a range of NLP tasks in the scientific domain. However, obtaining the fine-tune…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jiawei Liu , Zi Xiong , Yi Jiang , Yongqiang Ma , Wei Lu , Yong Huang , Qikai Cheng

Debugging is often a challenging and infuriating experience for secondary school students learning their first text-based programming language. Many students resort to ineffective debugging strategies, making success with solving errors…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Laurie Gale , Sue Sentance

Effectively using Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools in under-resourced languages requires a thorough understanding of the language itself, familiarity with the latest models and training methodologies, and technical expertise to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zaid Sheikh , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Shruti Rijhwani , Lindia Tjuatja , Robbie Jimerson , Graham Neubig

Large language models (LLMs) can solve an increasing number of complex reasoning tasks while making surprising mistakes in basic numerical understanding and processing (such as 9.11 > 9.9). The latter ability is essential for tackling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Haotong Yang , Yi Hu , Shijia Kang , Zhouchen Lin , Muhan Zhang

LLMs have demonstrated remarkable capability for understanding semantics, but they often struggle with understanding pragmatics. To demonstrate this fact, we release a Pragmatics Understanding Benchmark (PUB) dataset consisting of fourteen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Settaluri Lakshmi Sravanthi , Meet Doshi , Tankala Pavan Kalyan , Rudra Murthy , Pushpak Bhattacharyya , Raj Dabre

We present multilingual Pre-trained Machine Reader (mPMR), a novel method for multilingual machine reading comprehension (MRC)-style pre-training. mPMR aims to guide multilingual pre-trained language models (mPLMs) to perform natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Weiwen Xu , Xin Li , Wai Lam , Lidong Bing

Tool learning has emerged as a promising direction by extending Large Language Models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools. Existing tool learning studies primarily focus on the general-purpose tool-use capability, which addresses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Fan Liu , Min Yang , Wenjie Li

PLUMED is an open-source software package that is widely used for analyzing and enhancing molecular dynamics simulations that works in conjunction with most available molecular dynamics softwares. While the computational cost of PLUMED…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Daniele Rapetti , Massimiliano Bonomi , Carlo Camilloni , Giovanni Bussi , Gareth A. Tribello

Theory evaluation is a key problem in many areas: machine learning, scientific discovery, inverse engineering, decision making, software engineering, design, human sciences, etc. If we have a set of theories that are able to explain the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-01-23 Héctor Castillo-Andreu

As multimedia content expands, the demand for unified multimodal retrieval (UMR) in real-world applications increases. Recent work leverages multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to tackle this task. However, their large parameter size…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yibo Lyu , Rui Shao , Gongwei Chen , Yijie Zhu , Weili Guan , Liqiang Nie

The versatility of large language models (LLMs) led to the creation of diverse benchmarks that thoroughly test a variety of language models' abilities. These benchmarks consist of tens of thousands of examples making evaluation of LLMs very…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Felipe Maia Polo , Lucas Weber , Leshem Choshen , Yuekai Sun , Gongjun Xu , Mikhail Yurochkin

A growing variety of prompt engineering techniques has been proposed for Large Language Models (LLMs), yet systematic evaluation of each technique on individual software engineering (SE) tasks remains underexplored. In this study, we…

The ease of using a Large Language Model (LLM) to answer a wide variety of queries and their high availability has resulted in LLMs getting integrated into various applications. LLM-based recommenders are now routinely used by students as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Shipra Sharma , Balwinder Sodhi

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has enabled significant performance gains in the field of natural language processing. However, recent studies have found that LLMs often resort to shortcuts when performing tasks, creating an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Geetanjali Bihani , Julia Taylor Rayz

Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing education, with LLM-based agents playing a key role in simulating student behavior. A major challenge in student simulation is modeling the diverse learning patterns of students at various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Tao Wu , Jingyuan Chen , Wang Lin , Mengze Li , Yumeng Zhu , Ang Li , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu