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Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving distributed machine learning technique that enables individual clients (e.g., user participants, edge devices, or organizations) to train a model on their local data in a secure environment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Waris Gill , Ali Anwar , Muhammad Ali Gulzar

Federated Learning is a machine learning setting that reduces direct data exposure, improving the privacy guarantees of machine learning models. Yet, the exchange of model updates between the participants and the aggregator can still leak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Pablo Montaña-Fernández , Ines Ortega-Fernandez

Federated Learning (FL) offers a promising approach for training clinical AI models without centralizing sensitive patient data. However, its real-world adoption is hindered by challenges related to privacy, resource constraints, and…

Federated Learning (FL) is widely recognized as a privacy-preserving Machine Learning paradigm due to its model-sharing mechanism that avoids direct data exchange. Nevertheless, model training leaves exploitable traces that can be used to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chao Feng , Yuanzhe Gao , Alberto Huertas Celdran , Gerome Bovet , Burkhard Stiller

Federated learning (FL) allows a server to learn a machine learning (ML) model across multiple decentralized clients that privately store their own training data. In contrast with centralized ML approaches, FL saves computation to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Alberto Blanco-Justicia , Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Sergio Martínez , David Sánchez , Adrian Flanagan , Kuan Eeik Tan

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training while preserving privacy. Recently, the integration of Foundation Models (FMs) into FL has enhanced performance but introduced a novel backdoor attack mechanism. Attackers can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xiaohuan Bi , Xi Li

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed agents to collaboratively learn a centralized model without sharing their raw data with each other. However, data locality does not provide sufficient privacy protection, and it is desirable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Rui Hu , Yanmin Gong , Yuanxiong Guo

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with local data is a widely adopted approach for organizations seeking to adapt LLMs to their specific domains. Given the shared characteristics in data across different organizations, the idea of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Wenkai Guo , Xuefeng Liu , Haolin Wang , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jing Yuan

Machine learning models have been shown to leak information violating the privacy of their training set. We focus on membership inference attacks on machine learning models which aim to determine whether a data point was used to train the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Shadi Rahimian , Tribhuvanesh Orekondy , Mario Fritz

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a method to preserve privacy in collaborative distributed learning. In FL, clients train AI models directly on their devices rather than sharing data with a centralized server, which can pose privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haleh Hayati , Carlos Murguia , Nathan van de Wouw

Federated learning (FL) enables organizations to collaboratively train models without sharing their datasets. Despite this advantage, recent studies show that both client updates and the global model can leak private information, limiting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Rouzbeh Behnia , Jeremiah Birrell , Arman Riasi , Reza Ebrahimi , Kaushik Dutta , Thang Hoang

Federated Learning (FL) has the potential for simultaneous global learning amongst a large number of parallel agents, enabling emerging AI such as LLMs to be trained across demographically diverse data. Central to this being efficient is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jinsheng Yuan , Yuhang Hao , Weisi Guo , Yun Wu , Chongyan Gu

Federated Learning (FL) allows multiple participants to train machine learning models collaboratively by keeping their datasets local while only exchanging model updates. Alas, this is not necessarily free from privacy and robustness…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Mohammad Naseri , Jamie Hayes , Emiliano De Cristofaro

Federated learning (FL) is a framework for training machine learning models in a distributed and collaborative manner. During training, a set of participating clients process their data stored locally, sharing only the model updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Filippo Galli , Kangsoo Jung , Sayan Biswas , Catuscia Palamidessi , Tommaso Cucinotta

In terms of artificial intelligence, there are several security and privacy deficiencies in the traditional centralized training methods of machine learning models by a server. To address this limitation, federated learning (FL) has been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Yao Chen , Yijie Gui , Hong Lin , Wensheng Gan , Yongdong Wu

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning strategy that enables participants to collaborate and train a shared model without sharing their individual datasets. Privacy and fairness are crucial considerations in FL. While FL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Ayush K. Varshney , Sonakshi Garg , Arka Ghosh , Sargam Gupta

Federated learning (FL), as a type of distributed machine learning, is capable of significantly preserving client's private data from being shared among different parties. Nevertheless, private information can still be divulged by analyzing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Adrien Banse , Jan Kreischer , Xavier Oliva i Jürgens

Federated Learning (FL) is a new machine learning framework, which enables millions of participants to collaboratively train machine learning model without compromising data privacy and security. Due to the independence and confidentiality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Anbu Huang

An attack on deep learning systems where intelligent machines collaborate to solve problems could cause a node in the network to make a mistake on a critical judgment. At the same time, the security and privacy concerns of AI have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Yuwei Sun , Ng Chong , Hideya Ochiai

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for collaborative model training while preserving data locality. However, it still faces challenges from malicious or compromised clients, as well as difficulties in incentivizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zhanhong Xie , Meifan Zhang , Lihua Yin