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The present paper is an extension of a recent work (Bhattacharya et al. 2010) to the Einstein-Strauss vacuole model with a cosmological constant, where we work out the light deflection by considering perturbations up to order M^3 and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-18 Amrita Bhattacharya , Guzel M. Garipova , Ettore Laserra , Arunava Bhadra , Kamal K. Nandi

We argue that combined observations of galaxy rotation curves and gravitational lensing not only allow the deduction of a galaxy's mass profile, but also yield information about the pressure in the galactic fluid. We quantify this statement…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Tristan Faber , Matt Visser

We discuss, without assuming asymptotic flatness, a gravitational lens for an observer and source that are within a finite distance from a lens object. The proposed lens equation is consistent with the deflection angle of light that is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-30 Keita Takizawa , Toshiaki Ono , Hideki Asada

Gravitational lensing in metric theories of gravity is discussed. I introduce a generalized approximate metric element, inclusive of both post-post-Newtonian (ppN) contributions and gravito-magnetic field. Following Fermat's principle and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 M. Sereno

Adopting the strong field limit approach, we investigate the strong gravitational lensing of a spherically symmetric spacetime in the Einstein-Proca theory. With the strong field limit coefficient, three observable quantities are obtained,…

General Physics · Physics 2015-07-19 Guoping Li , Yan Zhang , Li Zhang , Zhongwen Feng , Xiaotao Zu

In this work, we develop a general perturbative procedure to find the off-equatorial plane deflections in the weak deflection limit in general stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes, allowing the existence of the generalized Carter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-24 Xinguang Ying , Junji Jia

We study the influence of the spacetime noncommutative parameter on the strong field gravitational lensing in the noncommutative Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black-hole spacetime. Supposing that the gravitational field of the supermassive central…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-10-14 Chikun Ding , Jiliang Jing

In these lectures I give an overview of gravitational lensing, concentrating on theoretical aspects, including derivations of some of the important results. Topics covered include the determination of surface mass densities of intervening…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Alan Heavens

In the present work, we investigate the gravitational lensing effects of two quantum-modified black hole models recently proposed in effective quantum gravity. The light deflection angles are calculated for both the weak-field and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-20 Hao Liu , Meng-Yun Lai , Xiao-Yin Pan , Hyat Huang , De-Cheng Zou

We construct models of static spherical distributions of perfect fluid in trace--free Einstein gravity theory. The equations governing the gravitational field are equivalent to the standard Einstein's equations however, their presentation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-23 Sudan Hansraj , Rituparno Goswami , George Ellis , Njabulo Mkhize

In the present work, we theoretically investigate light deflection in the weak and strong field regimes for two regular spacetimes with corrections from loop quantum gravity. We treat analytically the expansions for both limits and use them…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-19 A. R. Soares , C. F. S. Pereira , R. L. L. Vitória , Marcos V. de S. Silva , H. Belich

We explore the sensitivity of weak gravitational lensing to second-order corrections to the spacetime metric within a cosmological adaptation of the parameterized post-Newtonian framework. Whereas one might expect nonlinearities of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 R. Ali Vanderveld , Robert R. Caldwell , Jason Rhodes

We study gravitational lensing in strong-field limit by a static spherically symmetric black hole in quartic scalar field Horndeski gravity having additional hair parameter $q$, evading the no-hair theorem. We find an increase in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-01 Jitendra Kumar , Shafqat Ul Islam , Sushant G. Ghosh

We compute the deflection angle to order (m/r_0)^2 and m/r_0*Lambda r_0^2 for a light ray traveling in a flat LambdaCDM cosmology which encounters a completely condensed mass region. We use a Swiss cheese model for the inhomogeneities and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Ronald Kantowski , Bin Chen , Xinyu Dai

In this paper, we assemble a catalog of 118 strong gravitational lensing systems from SLACS, BELLS, LSD and SL2S surveys and use them to constrain the cosmic equation of state. In particular we consider two cases of dark energy…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-30 Shuo Cao , Marek Biesiada , Raphaël Gavazzi , Aleksandra Piórkowska , Zong-Hong Zhu

Bending of light rays by gravitational sources is one of the first evidences of the general relativity. When the gravitational souce is a stationary massive object such as a black hole, the bending angle has an integral representation, from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-07-07 Tadashi Sasaki , Hisao Suzuki

We interpret the well known fact that the equations for light rays in the Kottler or Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric are independent of the cosmological constant in terms of the projective equivalence of the optical metric for any value of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 G. W. Gibbons , C. M. Warnick , M. C. Werner

Recently, we proposed a generalized Gibbons-Werner (GW) method for analyzing particle trajectories in rotating spacetimes, regardless of their asymptotic behavior [Huang \textit{et al.},…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-16 Yang Huang , Xiangyun Fu , Zhenyan Lu , Xin Qin

We discuss weak lensing characteristics in the gravitational field of a compact object in the low-energy approximation of fourth order f(R) gravity theory. The particular solution is characterized by a gravitational strength parameter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-05 Zsolt Horváth , László Á. Gergely , David Hobill , Salvatore Capozziello , Mariafelicia De Laurentis

We investigate strong field gravitational lensing by rotating Simpson-Visser black hole, which has an additional parameter ($0\leq l/2M \leq1$), apart from mass ($M$) and rotation parameter ($a$). A rotating Simpson-Visser metric correspond…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-14 Shafqat Ul Islam , Jitendra Kumar , Sushant G. Ghosh