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Link prediction in structured-data is an important problem for many applications, especially for recommendation systems. Existing methods focus on how to learn the node representation based on graph-based structure. High-dimensional sparse…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Yifei Zhao , Mingdong Ou , Rongzhi Zhang , Meng Li

Uncovering rationales behind predictions of graph neural networks (GNNs) has received increasing attention over recent years. Instance-level GNN explanation aims to discover critical input elements, like nodes or edges, that the target GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tianxiang Zhao , Dongsheng Luo , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

On graph data, the multitude of node or edge types gives rise to heterogeneous information networks (HINs). To preserve the heterogeneous semantics on HINs, the rich node/edge types become a cornerstone of HIN representation learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Trung-Kien Nguyen , Zemin Liu , Yuan Fang

Graphs can represent relational information among entities and graph structures are widely used in many intelligent tasks such as search, recommendation, and question answering. However, most of the graph-structured data in practice suffers…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Hanxiong Chen , Yunqi Li , Shaoyun Shi , Shuchang Liu , He Zhu , Yongfeng Zhang

In recent years, the remarkable success of graph neural networks (GNNs) on graph-structured data has prompted a surge of methods for explaining GNN predictions. However, the state-of-the-art for GNN explainability remains in flux. Different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jesse He , Akbar Rafiey , Gal Mishne , Yusu Wang

Link prediction, which aims to forecast unseen connections in graphs, is a fundamental task in graph machine learning. Heuristic methods, leveraging a range of different pairwise measures such as common neighbors and shortest paths, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Li Ma , Haoyu Han , Juanhui Li , Harry Shomer , Hui Liu , Xiaofeng Gao , Jiliang Tang

Graph Neural Networks have emerged as the most popular architecture for graph-level learning, including graph classification and regression tasks, which frequently arise in areas such as biochemistry and drug discovery. Achieving good…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Lukas Fesser , Melanie Weber

Uncovering rationales behind predictions of graph neural networks (GNNs) has received increasing attention over recent years. Instance-level GNN explanation aims to discover critical input elements, like nodes or edges, that the target GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Tianxiang Zhao , Dongsheng Luo , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

We consider the problem of explaining the predictions of graph neural networks (GNNs), which otherwise are considered as black boxes. Existing methods invariably focus on explaining the importance of graph nodes or edges but ignore the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Hao Yuan , Haiyang Yu , Jie Wang , Kang Li , Shuiwang Ji

While there are a plethora of methods for link prediction in knowledge graphs, state-of-the-art approaches are often black box, obfuscating model reasoning and thereby limiting the ability of users to make informed decisions about model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Niraj Kumar-Singh , Gustavo Polleti , Saee Paliwal , Rachel Hodos-Nkhereanye

Link prediction, which consists of predicting edges based on graph features, is a fundamental task in many graph applications. As for several related problems, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which are based on an attribute-centric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Zexi Huang , Mert Kosan , Arlei Silva , Ambuj Singh

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in various graph-related tasks. However, the black-box nature often limits their interpretability and trustworthiness. Numerous explainability methods have been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Jialin Chen , Kenza Amara , Junchi Yu , Rex Ying

Inferring missing links or detecting spurious ones based on observed graphs, known as link prediction, is a long-standing challenge in graph data analysis. With the recent advances in deep learning, graph neural networks have been used for…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Xingping Xian , Tao Wu , Xiaoke Ma , Shaojie Qiao , Yabin Shao , Chao Wang , Lin Yuan , Yu Wu

Following a fast initial breakthrough in graph based learning, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have reached a widespread application in many science and engineering fields, prompting the need for methods to understand their decision process.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Antonio Longa , Steve Azzolin , Gabriele Santin , Giulia Cencetti , Pietro Liò , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini

Recently, subgraphs-enhanced Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have been introduced to enhance the expressive power of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which was proved to be not higher than the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman isomorphism test. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Michele Guerra , Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Filippo Maria Bianchi

Real data collected from different applications that have additional topological structures and connection information are amenable to be represented as a weighted graph. Considering the node labeling problem, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Xiaoxiao Li , Joao Saude

Explaining Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has garnered significant attention due to the need for interpretability, enabling users to understand the behavior of these black-box models better and extract valuable insights from their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiaxing Zhang , Xiaoou Liu , Dongsheng Luo , Hua Wei

One significant challenge of exploiting Graph neural networks (GNNs) in real-life scenarios is that they are always treated as black boxes, therefore leading to the requirement of interpretability. To address this, model-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiao Yue , Guangzhi Qu , Lige Gan

Link prediction attempts to predict whether an unseen edge exists based on only a portion of edges of a graph. A flurry of methods have been introduced in recent years that attempt to make use of graph neural networks (GNNs) for this task.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Juanhui Li , Harry Shomer , Haitao Mao , Shenglai Zeng , Yao Ma , Neil Shah , Jiliang Tang , Dawei Yin

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively developed for graph representation learning in various application domains. However, similar to all other neural networks models, GNNs suffer from the black-box problem as people cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Peibo Li , Yixing Yang , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song