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Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in mathematical reasoning, underscoring the need for a comprehensive and fair evaluation of their capabilities. However, existing benchmarks often fall short, either lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Xin Xu , Jiaxin Zhang , Tianhao Chen , Zitong Chao , Jishan Hu , Can Yang

Neurosymbolic approaches integrating large language models with formal reasoning have recently achieved human-level performance on mathematics competition problems in algebra, geometry and number theory. In comparison, combinatorics remains…

Large language models have recently made significant progress to generate rigorous mathematical proofs. In contrast, utilizing LLMs for theorem proving in formal languages (such as Lean) remains challenging and computationally expensive,…

In the last decade, a large body of work has emerged on robustness of neural networks, i.e., checking if the decision remains unchanged when the input is slightly perturbed. However, most of these approaches ignore the confidence of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mohammad Afzal , S. Akshay , Blaise Genest , Ashutosh Gupta

Molecular machine learning has been maturing rapidly over the last few years. Improved methods and the presence of larger datasets have enabled machine learning algorithms to make increasingly accurate predictions about molecular…

Recent work has shown that integrating large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers (TPs) in neuro-symbolic pipelines helps with entailment verification and proof-guided refinement of explanations for natural language inference (NLI).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

We study methods for automated parsing of informal mathematical expressions into formal ones, a main prerequisite for deep computer understanding of informal mathematical texts. We propose a context-based parsing approach that combines…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban , Jiří Vyskočil

Leveraging mathematical Large Language Models (LLMs) for proof generation is a fundamental topic in LLMs research. We argue that the ability of current LLMs to prove statements largely depends on whether they have encountered the relevant…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in formal theorem proving, yet state-of-the-art performance often necessitates prohibitive test-time compute via massive roll-outs or extended context windows. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Guchan Li , Rui Tian , Hongning Wang

Formal methods (FM) are reliable but costly to apply, often requiring years of expert effort in industrial-scale projects such as seL4, especially for theorem proving. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made automated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jianyu Zhang , Fuyuan Zhang , Jiayi Lu , Jilin Hu , Xiaoyi Yin , Long Zhang , Feng Yang , Yongwang Zhao

Mathematical theorems are human knowledge able to be accumulated in the form of symbolic representation, and proving theorems has been considered intelligent behavior. Based on the BHK interpretation and the Curry-Howard isomorphism, proof…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Li-An Yang , Jui-Pin Liu , Chao-Hong Chen , Ying-ping Chen

Recent work by Clark et al. (2020) shows that transformers can act as 'soft theorem provers' by answering questions over explicitly provided knowledge in natural language. In our work, we take a step closer to emulating formal theorem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Swarnadeep Saha , Sayan Ghosh , Shashank Srivastava , Mohit Bansal

Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing competence in solving mathematical reasoning problems. However, many open-source LLMs still struggle with errors in calculation and semantic understanding during intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Vernon Y. H. Toh , Deepanway Ghosal , Soujanya Poria

Recent progress in AutoML has lead to state-of-the-art methods (e.g., AutoSKLearn) that can be readily used by non-experts to approach any supervised learning problem. Whereas these methods are quite effective, they are still limited in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Jorge Madrid , Hugo Jair Escalante , Eduardo Morales

The Diproche system is an automated proof checker for texts written in a controlled fragment of German, designed for didactical applications in classes introducing students to proofs for the first time. The first version of the system used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Merlin Carl

The scarcity of high-quality, logically sound data is a critical bottleneck for advancing the mathematical reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs). Our work confronts this challenge by turning decades of automated theorem proving research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Valentin Quesnel , Damien Sileo

We present a case study where an automatic AI system formalizes a textbook with more than 500 pages of graduate-level algebraic combinatorics to Lean. The resulting formalization represents a new milestone in textbook formalization scale…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Fabian Gloeckle , Ahmad Rammal , Charles Arnal , Remi Munos , Vivien Cabannes , Gabriel Synnaeve , Amaury Hayat

With help of a compact Prolog-based theorem prover for Intuitionistic Propositional Logic, we synthesize minimal assumptions under which a given formula formula becomes a theorem. After applying our synthesis algorithm to cover basic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Paul Tarau

While pre-trained language models have obtained state-of-the-art performance for several natural language understanding tasks, they are quite opaque in terms of their decision-making process. While some recent works focus on rationalizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Meghana Moorthy Bhat , Alessandro Sordoni , Subhabrata Mukherjee

Verifying the correctness of a textual statement requires not only semantic reasoning about the meaning of words, but also symbolic reasoning about logical operations like count, superlative, aggregation, etc. In this work, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Wanjun Zhong , Duyu Tang , Zhangyin Feng , Nan Duan , Ming Zhou , Ming Gong , Linjun Shou , Daxin Jiang , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin
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