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We prove that many normal subgroups of the extended mapping class group of a surface with punctures are geometric, that is, that their automorphism groups and abstract commensurator groups are isomorphic to the extended mapping class group.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-10-02 Alan McLeay

A new efficient orthogonalization of the B-spline basis is proposed and contrasted with some previous orthogonalized methods. The resulting orthogonal basis of splines is best visualized as a net of functions rather than a sequence of them.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-24 Xijia Liu , Hiba Nassar , Krzysztof PodgÓrski

We propose theoretical approach based on combination of graph theory and generalized Ising model (GIM), which enables systematic determination of extremal structures for crystalline solids without any information about interactions or…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-01-13 Koretaka Yuge

Given points $P_1,P_2,\ldots,P_m$ in the complex plane, we are concerned with the problem of finding an interpolating curve with minimal bending energy (i.e., an optimal interpolating curve). It was shown previously that existence is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-01-03 Albert Borbely , Michael J. Johnson

Many new possibilities to observe and use novel physical effects are discovered at so called exceptional points (EPs). This is done by using parity-time (PT) -symmetric non-Hermitian systems and balancing gains and losses. When combined…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-03-06 Jianlan Xie , Shaohua Dong , Bei Yan , Yuchen Peng , Jianjun Liu , Chengwei Qiu , Shuangchun Wen

The Galerkin difference (GD) basis is a set of continuous, piecewise polynomials defined using a finite difference like grid of degrees of freedom. The one dimensional GD basis functions are naturally extended to multiple dimensions using…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Jeremy E. Kozdon , Lucas C. Wilcox , Thomas Hagstrom , Jeffrey W. Banks

The existing combinatorial methods for iso-surface computation are efficient for pure visualization purposes, but it is known that the resulting iso-surfaces can have holes, and topological problems like missing or wrong connectivity can…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-02-14 Abdulaziz Ali , Dieter Bothe

Resonance coupling in non-Hermitian systems can lead to exotic features, such as bound states in the continuum (BICs) and exceptional points (EPs), which have been widely employed to control the propagation and scattering of light. Yet,…

Optics · Physics 2022-04-01 Zi-Lan Deng , Feng-Jun Li , Huanan Li , Xiangping Li , Andrea Alù

This paper is devoted to the study of geometric structures modeled on homogeneous spaces G/P, where G is a real or complex semisimple Lie group and $P\subset G$ is a parabolic subgroup. We use methods from differential geometry and very…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Andreas Cap , Jan Slovak , Vladimir Soucek

Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) surfaces are commonly used within Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools to represent geometric objects. When using isogeometric analysis (IGA), it is possible to use such NURBS geometries for numerical…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Michel Make , Thomas Spenke , Norbert Hosters , Marek Behr

We prove $hp$-optimal error estimates for interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods (IPDG) for the biharmonic problem with homogeneous essential boundary conditions. We consider tensor product-type meshes in two and three dimensions,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-04 Zhaonan Dong , Lorenzo Mascotto

We present a mass lumping approach based on an isogeometric Petrov-Galerkin method that preserves higher-order spatial accuracy in explicit dynamics calculations irrespective of the polynomial degree of the spline approximation. To…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Thi-Hoa Nguyen , René R. Hiemstra , Sascha Eisenträger , Dominik Schillinger

Multi-degree splines are piecewise polynomial functions having sections of different degrees. They offer significant advantages over the classical uniform-degree framework, as they allow for modeling complex geometries with fewer degrees of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-02-08 Carolina Vittoria Beccari , Giulio Casciola

Exceptional points are interesting physical phenomena in non-Hermitian physics at which the eigenvalues are degenerate and the eigenvectors coalesce. In this paper, we find that the universal feature of arbitrary non-Hermitian two level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 X. R. Wang , F. Yang , X. J. Yu , X. Q. Tong , S. P. Kou

This paper is concerned with the construction of graded meshes for approximating so-called singular solutions of elliptic boundary value problems by means of multipatch discontinuous Galerkin Isogeometric Analysis schemes. Such solutions…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-03 Ulrich Langer , Angelos Mantzaflaris , Stephen E. Moore , Ioannis Toulopoulos

Isogeometric analysis (IGA) is a numerical method that connects computer-aided design (CAD) with finite element analysis (FEA). In CAD the computational domain is usually represented by B-spline or NURBS patches. Given a NURBS…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Somayeh Kargaran , Bert Jüttler , Thomas Takacs

We present a semi-Lagrangian method for the numerical resolution of Vlasov-type equations on multi-patch meshes. Following N. Crouseilles et al. [A parallel Vlasov solver based on local cubic spline interpolation on patches. Journal of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Pauline Vidal , Emily Bourne , Virginie Grandgirard , Michel Mehrenberger , Eric Sonnendrücker

Geometrically continuous splines are piecewise polynomial functions defined on a collection of patches which are stitched together through transition maps. They are called $G^{r}$-splines if, after composition with the transition maps, they…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-17 Angelos Mantzaflaris , Bernard Mourrain , Nelly Villamizar , Beihui Yuan

Most variational forms of isogeometric analysis use highly-continuous basis functions for both trial and test spaces. For a partial differential equation with a smooth solution, isogeometric analysis with highly-continuous basis functions…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-12 Victor M. Calo , Quanling Deng , Sergio Rojas , Albert Romkes

Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) typically adopts tensor-product splines and NURBS as a basis for the approximation of the solution of PDEs. In this work, we investigate to which extent IGA solvers can benefit from the so-called sparse-grids…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-04 Joakim Beck , Giancarlo Sangalli , Lorenzo Tamellini