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We establish quantitative bounds on the $U^k[N]$ Gowers norms of the M\"obius function $\mu$ and the von Mangoldt function $\Lambda$ for all $k$, with error terms of shape $O((\log\log N)^{-c})$. As a consequence, we obtain quantitative…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-19 Terence Tao , Joni Teräväinen

We prove the existence of the M-function, by which we can state the limit theorem for the value-distribution of the main term in the asymptotic formula for the summatory function of the Goldbach generating function.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-19 Kohji Matsumoto

Let $f(n)$ be the number of distinct exponents in the prime factorization of the natural number $n$. We prove some results about the distribution of $f(n)$. In particular, for any positive integer $k$, we obtain that $$ \#\{n \leq x : f(n)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-12-15 Carlo Sanna

We present a new, elementary, dynamical proof of the prime number theorem.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Redmond McNamara

In this note we examine Littlewood's proof of the prime number theorem. We show that this can be extended to provide an equivalence between the prime number theorem and the non-vanishing of Riemann's zeta-function on the one-line. Our…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Aleksander Simonič

This paper is devoted to study some expressions of the type $\prod_{p} p^{\lfloor\frac{x}{f(p)}\rfloor}$, where $x$ is a nonnegative real number, $f$ is an arithmetic function satisfying some conditions, and the product is over the primes…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Abdelmalek Bedhouche , Bakir Farhi

In these notes, we refine Mitsui's Prime Number Theorem from 1957, which for a number field $K$ predicts how many prime elements there are in bounded convex sets in $K \otimes_{\mathbf Q} \mathbf R$, by incorporating potential Siegel zeros…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-28 Wataru Kai

Using the same heuristic argument leading to the Lang-Waldschmidt Conjecture in the theory of linear forms in logarithms, we formulate an effective version of the Linear Independence conjecture for the ordinates of the non-trivial zeros of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Youness Lamzouri

The prime number theorem, established by Hadamard and de la Vall'ee Poussin independently in 1896, asserts that the density of primes in the positive integers is asymptotic to 1 / ln x. Whereas their proofs made serious use of the methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jeremy Avigad , Kevin Donnelly , David Gray , Paul Raff

We prove that neither a prime nor {an l-almost prime} number theorem hold in the class of regular Toeplitz subshifts. But, {when a quantitative strengthening of the regularity with respect to the periodic structure involving Euler's totient…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Krzysztof Frączek , Adam Kanigowski , Mariusz Lemańczyk

In 1980 Montgomery made a conjecture about the true order of the error term in the prime number theorem. In 2012 the author made an analogous conjecture for the true order of the sum of the M\"{o}bius function, $M(x)$. This refined an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-19 Nathan Ng

For $x>0$ let $\pi(x)$ denote the number of primes not exceeding $x$. For integers $a$ and $m>0$, we determine when there is an integer $n>1$ with $\pi(n)=(n+a)/m$. In particular, we show that for any integers $m>2$ and $a\le\lceil…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-11 Zhi-Wei Sun

As early as the 1930s, P\'al Erd\H{o}s conjectured that: {\em for any multiplicative function $f:\mathbb{N}\to\{-1,1\}$, the partial sums $\sum_{n\leq x}f(n)$ are unbounded.} Considering this conjecture, in this paper we consider…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-26 Michael Coons

Let $x\geq 1$ be a large number, and let $1 \leq a <q $ be integers such that $\gcd(a,q)=1$ and $q=O(\log^c)$ with $c>0$ constant. This note proves that the counting function for the number of primes $p \in \{p=qn+a: n \geq1 \}$ with a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-09-30 N. A. Carella

Let \beta be a real number. Then for almost all irrational \alpha>0 (in the sense of Lebesgue measure) \limsup_{x\to\infty}\pi_{\alpha,\beta}^*(x)(\log x)^2/x>=1, where \pi_{\alpha,\beta}^*(x)={p<=x: both p and [\alpha p+\beta] are primes}.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-04-05 Hongze Li , Hao Pan

In this paper we study the Theta splitting function $\Theta(s+1)$, a function defined on the positive integers. We study the distribution of this function for sufficiently large values of the integers. As an application we show that…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2019-01-24 Theophilus Agama

In this paper analyzes \textit{The Erd\H{o}s-Straus conjecture} asserts that $f$$(n)$ $>$ 0 for every $n$ $\geq$ 2, where $f(n)$ indicates the number of solutions to the Diophantine Equation…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-09-02 Elias Rios

For any $m \geq 1$, let $H_m$ denote the quantity $\liminf_{n \to \infty} (p_{n+m}-p_n)$. A celebrated recent result of Zhang showed the finiteness of $H_1$, with the explicit bound $H_1 \leq 70000000$. This was then improved by us (the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-12-23 D. H. J. Polymath

We establish a connection between analytic number theory and computational learning theory by showing that the M\"obius function belongs to a class of functions that is statistically hard to learn from random samples. Let $\mu_R$ denote the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-17 W. Burstein , A. Iosevich , A. Sant

We introduce a simple sieve-theoretic approach to studying partial sums of multiplicative functions which are close to their mean value. This enables us to obtain various new results as well as strengthen existing results with new proofs.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-29 Oleksiy Klurman , Alexander P. Mangerel , Cosmin Pohoata , Joni Teräväinen