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The purpose of these lecture notes is to provide readers, who have some mathematical background but little or no exposure to quantum mechanics and quantum computation, with enough material to begin reading the research literature in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Samuel J. Lomonaco , jr

Significant challenges remain with the development of macroscopic quantum computing, hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling, software problems of error correction, and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-05 James E. Steck , Nathan L. Thompson , Elizabeth C. Behrman

As the popularity of quantum computing continues to grow, quantum machine access over the cloud is critical to both academic and industry researchers across the globe. And as cloud quantum computing demands increase exponentially, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-25 Gokul Subramanian Ravi , Kaitlin N. Smith , Pranav Gokhale , Frederic T. Chong

With a vast domain of applications and now having quantum computing hardware available for commercial use, an education challenge arises in getting people of various background to become quantum literate. Quantum Odyssey is a new piece of…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-06-15 Laurentiu Nita , Nicholas Chancellor , Laura Mazzoli Smith , Helen Cramman , Gulsah Dost

A challenge is to develop cyber-physical system scenarios that reflect the diversity and complexity of real-life cyber-physical systems in the research questions that they address. Time-bounded collaborative events, such as hackathons, jams…

This paper collects and extends the lectures I gave at the "XXIV International Fall Workshop on Geometry and Physics" held in Zaragoza (Spain) August 31 - September 4, 2015. Within these lectures I review the formulation of Quantum…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-10-13 Valter Moretti

Hackathons are intensive innovation-oriented events where participants work in teams to solve problems or create projects in as little as 24 or 48 hours. These events are common in startup culture, open source communities and mainstream…

Quantum computing is rapidly advancing, but quantum software development faces significant challenges, including a steep learning curve, high hardware error rates, and a lack of mature engineering practices. This study conducts a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Krishna Upadhyay , Vinaik Chhetri , A. B. Siddique , Umar Farooq

Learning on small data is a challenge frequently encountered in many real-world applications. In this work we study how effective quantum ensemble models are when trained on small data problems in healthcare and life sciences. We…

Quantum computing has the potential to provide solutions to problems that are intractable on classical computers, but the accuracy of the current generation of quantum computers suffer from the impact of noise or errors such as leakage,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Benjamin Harper , Behnam Tonekaboni , Bahar Goldozian , Martin Sevior , Muhammad Usman

While researchers in both industry and academia are racing to build Quantum Computing (QC) platforms with viable performance and functionality, the environmental impacts of this endeavor, such as its carbon footprint, e-waste generation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-14 Nivedita Arora , Prem Kumar

Quantum computing has been a fascinating research field in quantum physics. Recent progresses motivate us to study in depth the universal quantum computing models (UQCM), which lie at the foundation of quantum computing and have tight…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-07 D. -S. Wang

Quantum computing (QC) has gained significant attention over the past two decades due to its potential for speeding up classically demanding tasks. This transition from an academic focus to a thriving commercial sector is reflected in…

Quantum computing has garnered significant attention in recent years from both academia and industry due to its potential to achieve a "quantum advantage" over classical computers. The advent of quantum computing introduces new challenges…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-09 Zhengping Jay Luo , Tyler Stewart , Mourya Narasareddygari , Rui Duan , Shangqing Zhao

In recent years, Quantum Computing (QC) has progressed to the point where small working prototypes are available for use. Termed Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers, these prototypes are too small for large benchmarks or even…

In this research notebook in the four-part, quantum computation and applications, quantum computation and algorithms, quantum communication protocol, and universal quantum computation for quantum engineers, researchers, and scientists, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-07 Bhupesh Bishnoi

Federated learning is a framework that can learn from distributed networks. It attempts to build a global model based on virtual fusion data without sharing the actual data. Nevertheless, the traditional federated learning process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-29 Kai Yu , Fei Gao , Song Lin

Quantum computing is an emerging paradigm with the potential to offer significant computational advantage over conventional classical computing by exploiting quantum-mechanical principles such as entanglement and superposition. It is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Sukhpal Singh Gill , Adarsh Kumar , Harvinder Singh , Manmeet Singh , Kamalpreet Kaur , Muhammad Usman , Rajkumar Buyya

It has become increasingly common for high-school students to see media reports on the importance of quantum mechanics in the development of next-generation industries such as drug development and secure communication, but few of them have…

Physics Education · Physics 2019-08-30 Maria Jose Carreño , Jonathan Sepúlveda , Silvia Tecpan , Carla Hernández , Felipe Herrera