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This study evaluates the performance of three advanced speech encoder models, Wav2Vec 2.0, XLS-R, and Whisper, in speaker identification tasks. By fine-tuning these models and analyzing their layer-wise representations using SVCCA, k-means…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Linus Stuhlmann , Michael Alexander Saxer

We investigate recent transformer networks pre-trained for automatic speech recognition for their ability to detect speaker and language changes in speech. We do this by simply adding speaker (change) or language targets to the labels. For…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Tijn Berns , Nik Vaessen , David A. van Leeuwen

A recent line of research on spoken language assessment (SLA) employs neural models such as BERT and wav2vec 2.0 (W2V) to evaluate speaking proficiency across linguistic and acoustic modalities. Although both models effectively capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Hong-Yun Lin , Tien-Hong Lo , Yu-Hsuan Fang , Jhen-Ke Lin , Chung-Chun Wang , Hao-Chien Lu , Berlin Chen

Audio-visual automatic speech recognition is a promising approach to robust ASR under noisy conditions. However, up until recently it had been traditionally studied in isolation assuming the video of a single speaking face matches the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-13 Otavio Braga , Olivier Siohan

Text encodings from automatic speech recognition (ASR) transcripts and audio representations have shown promise in speech emotion recognition (SER) ever since. Yet, it is challenging to explain the effect of each information stream on the…

Automatic evaluation of ST systems is typically performed by comparing translation hypotheses with one or more reference translations. While effective to some extent, this approach inherits the limitation of reference-based evaluation that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Mauro Cettolo , Marco Gaido , Matteo Negri , Sara Papi , Luisa Bentivogli

Non-reference speech quality models are important for a growing number of applications. The VoiceMOS 2022 challenge provided a dataset of synthetic voice conversion and text-to-speech samples with subjective labels. This study looks at the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Michael Chinen , Jan Skoglund , Chandan K A Reddy , Alessandro Ragano , Andrew Hines

Continuously learning new classes without catastrophic forgetting is a challenging problem for on-device acoustic event classification given the restrictions on computation resources (e.g., model size, running memory). To alleviate such an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-23 Yang Xiao

We address the problem of speech enhancement generalisation to unseen environments by performing two manipulations. First, we embed an additional recording from the environment alone, and use this embedding to alter activations in the main…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-31 Gil Keren , Jing Han , Björn Schuller

We propose several improvements to the speech recognition evaluation. First, we propose a string alignment algorithm that supports both multi-reference labeling, arbitrary-length insertions and better word alignment. This is especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Oleg Sedukhin , Andrey Kostin

Current large language models (LLMs) primarily utilize next-token prediction method for inference, which significantly impedes their processing speed. In this paper, we introduce a novel inference methodology termed next-sentence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Hongjun An , Yifan Chen , Zhe Sun , Xuelong Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a powerful tool that allows learning of underlying representations from unlabeled data. Transformer based models such as wav2vec 2.0 and HuBERT are leading the field in the speech domain. Generally these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Bethan Thomas , Samuel Kessler , Salah Karout

The unified streaming and non-streaming two-pass (U2) end-to-end model for speech recognition has shown great performance in terms of streaming capability, accuracy, real-time factor (RTF), and latency. In this paper, we present U2++, an…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Di Wu , Binbin Zhang , Chao Yang , Zhendong Peng , Wenjing Xia , Xiaoyu Chen , Xin Lei

Humans are adept at leveraging visual cues from lip movements for recognizing speech in adverse listening conditions. Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) models follow similar approach to achieve robust speech recognition in noisy…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Maxime Burchi , Krishna C. Puvvada , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg , Radu Timofte

In recent years, advancements in the field of speech processing have led to cutting-edge deep learning algorithms with immense potential for real-world applications. The automated identification of stuttered speech is one of such…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Huma Ameer , Seemab Latif , Rabia Latif , Sana Mukhtar

Transformer-based end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have recently gained wide popularity, and are shown to outperform E2E models based on recurrent structures on a number of ASR tasks. However, like other E2E…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-30 Mohan Li , Catalin Zorila , Rama Doddipatla

In recent years, automatic speech-to-speech and speech-to-text translation has gained momentum thanks to advances in artificial intelligence, especially in the domains of speech recognition and machine translation. The quality of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Claudio Fantinuoli , Bianca Prandi

Creating Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems that are robust and resilient to classroom conditions is paramount to the development of AI tools to aid teachers and students. In this work, we study the efficacy of continued pretraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Ahmed Adel Attia , Dorottya Demszky , Tolulope Ogunremi , Jing Liu , Carol Espy-Wilson

Attention-based encoder-decoder, e.g. transformer and its variants, generates the output sequence in an autoregressive (AR) manner. Despite its superior performance, AR model is computationally inefficient as its generation requires as many…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-27 Keyu An , Zerui Li , Zhifu Gao , Shiliang Zhang

Many existing works on voice conversion (VC) tasks use automatic speech recognition (ASR) models for ensuring linguistic consistency between source and converted samples. However, for the low-data resource domains, training a high-quality…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Mayank Kumar Singh , Naoya Takahashi , Onoe Naoyuki