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The normal covering number $\gamma(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the minimum number of proper subgroups whose conjugates cover the group. We give various estimates for $\gamma(S_n)$ and $\gamma(A_n)$ depending on the arithmetic structure of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Sean Eberhard , Connor Mellon

We show that the mapping class group of a closed oriented surface of genus at least three is generated by 3 elements of order 3 and by 4 elements of order 4. Note that the mapping class group cannot be generated by finitely many torsion…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2009-12-17 Naoyuki Monden

We determine all factorisations $X=AB$, where $X$ is a finite almost simple group and $A,B$ are core-free subgroups such that $A\cap B$ is cyclic or dihedral. As a main application, we classify the graphs $\Gamma$ admitting an almost simple…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-24 Martin W. Liebeck , Cheryl E. Praeger

We show that a natural class of twistorial maps gives a pattern for apparently different geometric maps, such as, $(1,1)$-geodesic immersions from $(1,2)$-symplectic almost Hermitian manifolds and pseudo horizontally conformal submersions…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Radu Pantilie

The topological classification of the inner mappings on the fully invariant regular components of the wandering set with a special attracting boundary up to the topological conjugacy is defined in terms of distinguishing graph. Two inner…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-05-20 I. Yu. Vlasenko

We define invariants of words in arbitrary groups, measuring how letters in a word are interleaving, perfectly detecting the dimension series of a group. These are the letter-braiding invariants. On free groups, braiding invariants coincide…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Nir Gadish

We prove that the cohomological dimension of the Torelli group for a closed connected orientable surface of genus g at least 2 is equal to 3g-5. This answers a question of Mess, who proved the lower bound and settled the case of g=2. We…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-09-04 Mladen Bestvina , Kai-Uwe Bux , Dan Margalit

In this paper we introduce the notion of parabolic-like mapping, which is an object similar to a polynomial-like mapping, but with a parabolic external class, i.e. an external map with a parabolic fixed point. We prove a straightening…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-08-05 Luciana Luna Anna Lomonaco

For a closed surface $S$, its Torelli group $\mathcal{I}(S)$ is the subgroup of the mapping class group of $S$ consisting of elements acting trivially on $H_1(S;\mathbb{Z})$. When $S$ is orientable, a generating set for $\mathcal{I}(S)$ is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Susumu Hirose , Ryoma Kobayashi

In this article we survey, and make a few new observations about, the surprising connection between sub-monoids of mapping class groups and interesting geometry and topology in low-dimensions.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2015-04-10 John B. Etnyre , Jeremy Van Horn-Morris

The point-pushing subgroup P(S) of the mapping class group Mod(S) of a surface with marked point is an embedding of \pi_1(S) given by pushing the marked point around loops. We prove that for g>=3, the subgroup P(S) is the unique normal,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-12 Victoria Akin

We define new bordism and spin bordism invariants of certain subgroups of the mapping class group of a surface. In particular, they are invariants of the Johnson filtration of the mapping class group. The second and third terms of this…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aaron Heap

Combining the results by Birman and Goldberg, it was proved the normal closure of the pure braid group of the disk $P_n(D)$ in the pure braid group of the torus $P_n(T)$ is the commutator subgroup $[P_n(T),P_n(T)]$. In this paper we are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Liming Pang

The Johnson kernel is the subgroup of the mapping class group of a closed oriented surface that is generated by Dehn twists along separating simple closed curves. The rational abelianization of the Johnson kernel has been computed by Dimca,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Quentin Faes , Gwenael Massuyeau

The regular objects in various categories, such as maps, hypermaps or covering spaces, can be identified with the normal subgroups N of a given group \Gamma, with quotient group isomorphic to \Gamma/N. It is shown how to enumerate such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-25 Gareth A. Jones

We provide some language for algebraic study of the mapping class groups for surfaces with non-connected boundary. As applications, we generalize our previous results on Dehn twists to any compact connected oriented surfaces with non-empty…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-10-23 Nariya Kawazumi , Yusuke Kuno

In this paper we prove existence of matings between a large class of renormalizable cubic polynomials with one fixed critical point and another cubic polynomial having two fixed critical points. The resulting mating is a Newton map. Our…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-05-16 Magnus Aspenberg , Pascale Roesch

A normal subgroup of the (extended) mapping class group of a surface is said to be geometric if its automorphism group is the mapping class group. We prove that in the case of the Cantor tree surface, every normal subgroup is geometric. We…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Alan McLeay

We describe standard forms for elements of the higher-dimensional Thompson groups $nV$ arising from gridding subdivision processes. These processes lead to standard normal form descriptions for elements in these groups, and sizes of these…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-06 José Burillo , Sean Cleary , Brita Nucinkis

Normal subgroups and there properties for finite and infinite iterated wreath products $S_{n_1}\wr \ldots \wr S_{n_m}$, $n, m \in \mathbb{N}$ are founded. The special classes of normal subgroups and there orders are investigated. Special…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-01 Ruslan Skuratovskii