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The quantization of the electromagnetic field in the presence of material bodies, at zero temperature is considered. It is shown that a dielectric does not act as thermal bath for the field and yields a non-trivial non-thermal mixed state…
Vacuum fluctuations give rise to effective nonlinear interactions between electromagnetic fields. These generically modify the characteristics of light traversing a strong-field region. X-ray free-electron lasers constitute a particularly…
The pairing gaps, heat capacities and level densities are calculated within the BCS-based quasiparticle approach including the effect of thermal fluctuations on the pairing field within the pairing model plus noncollective rotation along…
The stability of matter composed of electrons and static nuclei is investigated for a relativistic dynamics for the electrons given by a suitably projected Dirac operator and with Coulomb interactions. In addition there is an arbitrary…
The onset of quartetting, i.e. alpha-particle condensation, in symmetric nuclear matter is studied with the help of an in-medium modified four nucleon equation. It is found that at very low density quartetting wins over pairing, because of…
It is generally assumed that the physical vacuum of particle physics should be characterized by an energy momentum tensor in such a way to preserve exact Lorentz invariance. On the other hand, if the ground state were characterized by its…
The ER=EPR conjecture states that quantum entanglement between boundary degrees of freedom leads to the emergence of bulk spacetime itself. Although this has been tested extensively in String Theory for asymptotically anti-de Sitter…
Recently it was shown that the quantum behavior of an intense cavity field can be revealed by measuring the steady atomic correlations between two ideal atoms, which interact with the same leaking cavity mode. Considering a weak atom-field…
In some models of $\gamma$-ray bursts super-strong electric fields ($E\sim 10^{14} {\rm statvolt cm}^{-1}$) have been surmized. Such large fields may provide copious pair production through vacuum polarization. Here we examine various…
It is shown that the Lorentz transformation cannot in general be formally applied to potentials and fields of particles locked in a certain region. In particular, this property relates to nucleons in nuclei and to particles and nuclei in…
The nuclear matrix elements that govern the rate of neutrinoless double beta decay must be accurately calculated if experiments are to reach their full potential. Theorists have been working on the problem for a long time but have recently…
We discuss the inverse $\beta$-decay of accelerated protons in the context of neutrino oscillations. The process $p\rightarrow n \ell^+ \nu_\ell$ is kinematically allowed because the accelerating field provides the rest energy difference…
We use effective field theory to study the $\mathrm{\alpha}$-$\mathrm{\alpha}$ resonant scattering in a finite-temperature QED plasma. The static plasma screening effect causes the resonance state $^8$Be to live longer and eventually leads…
Electric fields can spontaneously decay via the Schwinger effect, the nucleation of a charged particle-anti particle pair separated by a critical distance $d$. What happens if the available distance is smaller than $d$? Previous work on…
We investigate the effects of the electromagnetic vacuum field on a harmonically bound electron. We show that in the electric-dipole approximation the model atom couples only to an effective one-dimensional electric field. In a simplified…
According to the Schiff theorem, an external electric field vanishes at atomic nucleus in a neutral atom in a stationary state, i.e. it is completely shielded by electrons. This makes a nuclear electric dipole moment (EDM) unobservable. We…
Ground-state properties of exotic even-even nuclei with extreme neutron-to-proton ratios are described in the framework of the self-consistent mean-field theory with pairing formulated in coordinate space. This theory properly accounts for…
We consider an external potential, $-\lambda \phi$, due to one or more nuclei. Following the Dirac picture such a potential polarizes the vacuum. The polarization density as derived in physics literature, after a well known renormalization…
We consider the dynamics of diffusing particles in one space dimension with annihilation on collision and nucleation (creation of particles) with constant probability per unit time and length. The cases of nucleation of single particles and…
It is shown that in an inhomogeneous neutron matter the pairing field bounds neutrons around the Fermi level leading to the formation of localized Andreev states. In the case of the inner crust of neutron stars the localization length has…