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Sparse representation with respect to an overcomplete dictionary is often used when regularizing inverse problems in signal and image processing. In recent years, the Convolutional Sparse Coding (CSC) model, in which the dictionary consists…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-13 Dror Simon , Michael Elad

Sparse representation leads to an efficient way to approximately recover a signal by the linear composition of a few bases from a learnt dictionary, based on which various successful applications have been achieved. However, in the scenario…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-04 Xiang Zhang , Jiarui Sun , Siwei Ma , Zhouchen Lin , Jian Zhang , Shiqi Wang , Wen Gao

Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) are deep generative latent variable models consisting of two components: a generative model that captures a data distribution p(x) by transforming a distribution p(z) over latent space, and an inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Yaniv Yacoby , Weiwei Pan , Finale Doshi-Velez

Convolutional Sparse Coding (CSC) is a well-established image representation model especially suited for image restoration tasks. In this work, we extend the applicability of this model by proposing a supervised approach to convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Lama Affara , Bernard Ghanem , Peter Wonka

Autoencoders and their variants are among the most widely used models in representation learning and generative modeling. However, autoencoder-based models usually assume that the learned representations are i.i.d. and fail to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Ba-Hien Tran , Babak Shahbaba , Stephan Mandt , Maurizio Filippone

Prediction without justification has limited utility. Much of the success of neural models can be attributed to their ability to learn rich, dense and expressive representations. While these representations capture the underlying complexity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Anant Subramanian , Danish Pruthi , Harsh Jhamtani , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Eduard Hovy

Convolutional sparse representations are a form of sparse representation with a dictionary that has a structure that is equivalent to convolution with a set of linear filters. While effective algorithms have recently been developed for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Cristina Garcia-Cardona , Brendt Wohlberg

It is still a challenging task to learn a neural text generation model under the framework of generative adversarial networks (GANs) since the entire training process is not differentiable. The existing training strategies either suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Liping Yuan , Jiehang Zeng , Xiaoqing Zheng

Distributional models provide a convenient way to model semantics using dense embedding spaces derived from unsupervised learning algorithms. However, the dimensions of dense embedding spaces are not designed to resemble human semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Steven Derby , Paul Miller , Brian Murphy , Barry Devereux

Current sparse autoencoder (SAE) approaches to neural network interpretability assume that activations can be decomposed through linear superposition into sparse, interpretable features. Despite high reconstruction fidelity, SAEs…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-10 Omar Claflin

While the sparse coding principle can successfully model information processing in sensory neural systems, it remains unclear how learning can be accomplished under neural architectural constraints. Feasible learning rules must rely solely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Tsung-Han Lin

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are a powerful dictionary learning technique for decomposing neural network activations, translating the hidden state into human ideas with high semantic value despite no external intervention or guidance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Albert Miao , Chenliang Zhou , Jiawei Zhou , Cengiz Oztireli

We describe a stochastic, dynamical system capable of inference and learning in a probabilistic latent variable model. The most challenging problem in such models - sampling the posterior distribution over latent variables - is proposed to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-26 Michael Y. -S. Fang , Mayur Mudigonda , Ryan Zarcone , Amir Khosrowshahi , Bruno A. Olshausen

Learning-based surrogate models have become a practical alternative to high-fidelity CFD solvers, but their latent representations remain opaque and hinder adoption in safety-critical or regulation-bound settings. This work introduces a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yeping Hu , Shusen Liu

Sparse representation-based classifiers have shown outstanding accuracy and robustness in image classification tasks even with the presence of intense noise and occlusion. However, it has been discovered that the performance degrades…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-22 Xiaoxia Sun , Nasser M. Nasrabadi , Trac D. Tran

Variational Autoencoder (VAE)-based generative models offer flexible representation learning by incorporating meta-priors, general premises considered beneficial for downstream tasks. However, the incorporated meta-priors often involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Nao Nakagawa , Ren Togo , Takahiro Ogawa , Miki Haseyama

Understanding what sparse auto-encoder (SAE) features in vision transformers truly represent is usually done by inspecting the patches where a feature's activation is highest. However, self-attention mixes information across the entire…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Sangyu Han , Yearim Kim , Nojun Kwak

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have been used widely to decompose and interpret neural network activations, especially those of transformer language models. One key issue with SAEs is their inability to directly model multidimensional features.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Collin Francel

Sparse modeling is a powerful framework for data analysis and processing. Traditionally, encoding in this framework is done by solving an l_1-regularized linear regression problem, usually called Lasso. In this work we first combine the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-03-02 Pablo Sprechmann , Ignacio Ramirez , Guillermo Sapiro , Yonina C. Eldar

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are used to decompose neural network activations into sparsely activating features, but many SAE features are only interpretable at high activation strengths. To address this issue we propose to use binary sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Lucia Quirke , Stepan Shabalin , Nora Belrose