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Imaging through diffusive media is a challenging problem, where the existing solutions heavily rely on digital computers to reconstruct distorted images. We provide a detailed analysis of a computer-free, all-optical imaging method for…

Optics · Physics 2022-08-02 Yuhang Li , Yi Luo , Bijie Bai , Aydogan Ozcan

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are universal function approximators providing state-of- the-art solutions on wide range of applications. Common perceptual tasks such as speech recognition, image classification, and object tracking are now…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-08 Randall Balestriero , Richard Baraniuk

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) has been investigated as an alternative imaging modality for breast cancer detection thanks to its excellent contrast to hemoglobin oxidization level. However, due to the complicated non-linear photon…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Jaejun Yoo , Sohail Sabir , Duchang Heo , Kee Hyun Kim , Abdul Wahab , Yoonseok Choi , Seul-I Lee , Eun Young Chae , Hak Hee Kim , Young Min Bae , Young-wook Choi , Seungryong Cho , Jong Chul Ye

Photonic computation started to shape the future of fast, efficient and accessible computation. The advantages brought by light based Diffractive Deep Neural Networks (D2NN), are shown to be overwhelmingly advantageous especially in…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-10 Anil J. Pekgöz , Emre Yüce

Differentiable optics, as an emerging paradigm that jointly optimizes optics and (optional) image processing algorithms, has made innovative optical designs possible across a broad range of applications. Many of these systems utilize…

Recent advances in image data processing through machine learning and especially deep neural networks (DNNs) allow for new optimization and performance-enhancement schemes for radiation detectors and imaging hardware through data-endowed…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-02-23 S. Lin , S. Ning , H. Zhu , T. Zhou , C. L. Morris , S. Clayton , M. Cherukara , R. T. Chen , Z. Wang

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently become a favored technique for image denoising due to its adaptive learning ability, especially with a deep configuration. However, their efficacy is inherently limited owing to their…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-03 Junaid Malik , Serkan Kiranyaz , Moncef Gabbouj

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are state-of-the-art techniques for solving most computer vision problems. DNNs require billions of parameters and operations to achieve state-of-the-art results. This requirement makes DNNs extremely compute,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Ishmeet Kaur , Adwaita Janardhan Jadhav

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are generated by sequentially performing linear and non-linear processes. Using a combination of linear and non-linear procedures is critical for generating a sufficiently deep feature space. The majority of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Yufei Hu , Nacim Belkhir , Jesus Angulo , Angela Yao , Gianni Franchi

Optical computing has reemerged as a promising alternative computing paradigm for providing energy-efficient information processing in the age of artificial intelligence. Among various photonic neural network platforms, diffractive optical…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-18 Bahadır Utku Kesgin , Firdevs Yüce , Uğur Teğin

Due to their intrinsic capabilities on parallel signal processing, optical neural networks (ONNs) have attracted extensive interests recently as a potential alternative to electronic artificial neural networks (ANNs) with reduced power…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 Yi-Feng Liu , Rui-Yao Ren , Dai-Bao Hou , Hai-Zhong Weng , Bo-Wen Wang , Ke-Jie Huang , Xing Lin , Feng Liu , Chen-Hui Li , Chao-Yuan Jin

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are widely used for decision making in a myriad of critical applications, ranging from medical to societal and even judicial. Given the importance of these decisions, it is crucial for us to be able to interpret…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Teddy Koker , Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah , Tom Titcombe , Georgios Kaissis

Diffractive neural networks leverage the high-dimensional characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) fields for high-throughput computing. However, the existing architectures face challenges in integrating large-scale multidimensional…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-09 Songtao Yang , Sheng Gao , Chu Wu , Zejia Zhao , Haiou Zhang , Xing Lin

The remarkable performance of deep neural networks (DNNs) currently makes them the method of choice for solving linear inverse problems. They have been applied to super-resolve and restore images, as well as to reconstruct MR and CT images.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-01 Marija Vella , João F. C. Mota

Neural networks (NNs) achieve outstanding performance in many domains; however, their decision processes are often opaque and their inference can be computationally expensive in resource-constrained environments. We recently proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Chang Yue , Niraj K. Jha

Feed-forward, fully-connected Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) or the so-called Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) are well-known universal approximators. However, their learning performance varies significantly depending on the function or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Serkan Kiranyaz , Turker Ince , Alexandros Iosifidis , Moncef Gabbouj

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are machine learning algorithms that have revolutionised computer vision due to their remarkable successes in tasks like object classification and segmentation. The success of DNNs as computer vision algorithms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Felix A. Wichmann , Robert Geirhos

Scientific machine learning (SciML) increasingly requires models that capture multimodal conditional uncertainty arising from ill-posed inverse problems, multistability, and chaotic dynamics. While recent work has favored highly expressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Leonardo Ferreira Guilhoto , Akshat Kaushal , Paris Perdikaris

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown remarkable performance improvements on vision-related tasks such as object detection or image segmentation. Despite their success, they generally lack the understanding of 3D objects which form the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Hiroharu Kato , Deniz Beker , Mihai Morariu , Takahiro Ando , Toru Matsuoka , Wadim Kehl , Adrien Gaidon

Optical neural networks offer a route to low-latency and energy-efficient inference by encoding computation in light propagation. However, most existing implementations rely on planar photonic circuits or discretely spaced diffractive…