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Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NeuralODEs) present an attractive way to extract dynamical laws from time series data, as they bridge neural networks with the differential equation-based modeling paradigm of the physical sciences.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Joon-Hyuk Ko , Hankyul Koh , Nojun Park , Wonho Jhe

Numerical simulation of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) can be challenging when the system exhibits high accelerations and rapidly changing dynamics. Under these conditions the ODE solver often needs to take very small time steps in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Andrew Tagg , Andrew Frandsen , Andrew Ning

The time evolution of dynamical systems is frequently described by ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which must be solved for given initial conditions. Most standard approaches numerically integrate ODEs producing a single solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Cedric Flamant , Pavlos Protopapas , David Sondak

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) are an effective approach for data-driven modeling of dynamical systems arising from simulations and experiments. One of the major shortcomings of NODEs, especially when coupled with explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Allen Alvarez Loya , Daniel A. Serino , J. W. Burby , Qi Tang

Physics Informed Neural Networks is a numerical method which uses neural networks to approximate solutions of partial differential equations. It has received a lot of attention and is currently used in numerous physical and engineering…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Dimitrios Gazoulis , Ioannis Gkanis , Charalambos G. Makridakis

This paper addresses the training of Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (neural ODEs), and in particular explores the interplay between numerical integration techniques, stability regions, step size, and initialization techniques. It is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Theodor Westny , Arman Mohammadi , Daniel Jung , Erik Frisk

We propose a method to enhance the stability of a neural ordinary differential equation (neural ODE) by reducing the maximum error growth subsequent to a perturbation of the initial value. Since the stability depends on the logarithmic norm…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Arturo De Marinis , Nicola Guglielmi , Stefano Sicilia , Francesco Tudisco

Stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are pervasive in many science and engineering fields, yet standard neural ODE approaches struggle to learn them. This limitation is the main barrier to the widespread adoption of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Colby Fronk , Linda Petzold

In this paper we address the issue of output instability of deep neural networks: small perturbations in the visual input can significantly distort the feature embeddings and output of a neural network. Such instability affects many deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Stephan Zheng , Yang Song , Thomas Leung , Ian Goodfellow

Neural CDEs provide a natural way to process the temporal evolution of irregular time series. The number of function evaluations (NFE) is these systems' natural analog of depth (the number of layers in traditional neural networks). It is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ilya Kuleshov , Evgenia Romanenkova , Vladislav Zhuzhel , Galina Boeva , Evgeni Vorsin , Alexey Zaytsev

Recent research shows that supervised learning can be an effective tool for designing near-optimal feedback controllers for high-dimensional nonlinear dynamic systems. But the behavior of neural network controllers is still not well…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Tenavi Nakamura-Zimmerer , Qi Gong , Wei Kang

We study the optimization landscape and the stability properties of training problems with squared loss for neural networks and general nonlinear conic approximation schemes. It is demonstrated that, if a nonlinear conic approximation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Constantin Christof

Neural networks can be fragile to input noise and adversarial attacks. In this work, we consider Convolutional Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs), a family of continuous-depth neural networks represented by dynamical systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Muhammad Zakwan , Liang Xu , Giancarlo Ferrari-Trecate

We provide a new perspective to understand why reinforcement learning (RL) struggles with robustness and generalization. We show, by examples, that local optimal policies may contain unstable control for some dynamic parameters and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Bing Song , Jean-Jacques Slotine , Quang-Cuong Pham

Neural networks have shown great potential in accelerating the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). Recently, there has been a growing interest in introducing physics constraints into training neural PDE solvers to reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Xinquan Huang , Wenlei Shi , Qi Meng , Yue Wang , Xiaotian Gao , Jia Zhang , Tie-Yan Liu

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) represent a significant advancement at the intersection of machine learning and dynamical systems, offering a continuous-time analog to discrete neural networks. Despite their promise, deploying…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Matteo Caldana , Jan S. Hesthaven

Most ordinary differential equation (ODE) models used to describe biological or physical systems must be solved approximately using numerical methods. Perniciously, even those solvers which seem sufficiently accurate for the forward…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are becoming integral components of real world services relied upon by millions of users. Unfortunately, architects of these systems can find it difficult to ensure reliable performance as irrelevant details like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Arghya Datta , Subhrangshu Nandi , Jingcheng Xu , Greg Ver Steeg , He Xie , Anoop Kumar , Aram Galstyan

When neural networks are trained from data to simulate the dynamics of physical systems, they encounter a persistent challenge: the long-time dynamics they produce are often unphysical or unstable. We analyze the origin of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Daniel Floryan

Neural ODEs (NODEs) are continuous-time neural networks (NNs) that can process data without the limitation of time intervals. They have advantages in learning and understanding the evolution of complex real dynamics. Many previous works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Wenjie Mei , Dongzhe Zheng , Shihua Li