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We consider a class of random graphs, called random brushes, which are constructed by adding linear graphs of random lengths to the vertices of Z^d viewed as a graph. We prove that for d=2 all random brushes have spectral dimension d_s=2.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-01 Thordur Jonsson , Sigurdur Orn Stefansson

Weighted recursive trees are built by adding successively vertices with predetermined weights to a tree: each new vertex is attached to a parent chosen randomly proportionally to its weight. Under some assumptions on the sequence of…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-16 Michel Pain , Delphin Sénizergues

Understanding the evolution of a set of genes or species is a fundamental problem in evolutionary biology. The problem we study here takes as input a set of trees describing {possibly discordant} evolutionary scenarios for a given set of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Cedric Chauve , Mark Jones , Manuel Lafond , Céline Scornavacca , Mathias Weller

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has a vertex labeling with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. In this paper we characterize all trees with radius at most three…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

Let $T$ be a weighted tree. The weight of a subtree $T_1$ of $T$ is defined as the product of weights of vertices and edges of $T_1$. We obtain a linear-time algorithm to count the sum of weights of subtrees of $T$. As applications, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Weigen Yan , Yeong-Nan Yeh

Applying a method to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree from random data provides a way to detect whether that method has an inherent bias towards certain tree `shapes'. For maximum parsimony, applied to a sequence of random 2-state data, each…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-06-03 Mareike Fischer , Michelle Galla , Lina Herbst , Mike Steel

Arthur Cayley famously proved that there are n to the power n-2 labeled trees on n vertices. Here we go much further and show how to enumerate, fully automatically, labeled trees such that every vertex has a number of neighbors that belongs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Shalosh B. Ekhad , Doron Zeilberger

The uniform spanning forest (USF) in Z^d is the weak limit of random, uniformly chosen, spanning trees in [-n,n]^d. Pemantle proved that the USF consists a.s. of a single tree if and only if d <= 4. We prove that any two components of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-04-28 Itai Benjamini , Harry Kesten , Yuval Peres , Oded Schramm

We provide a local probabilistic description of the limiting statistics of large preferential attachment trees in terms of the ordinary degree (number of neighbors) but augmented with information on leafdegree (number of neighbors that are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-03 Harrison Hartle , P. L. Krapivsky

We study the hyperbolic random geometric graph introduced in Krioukov et al. For a sequence $R_n \to \infty$, we define these graphs to have the vertex set as Poisson points distributed uniformly in balls $B(0,R_n) \subset B_d^{\alpha}$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Takashi Owada , D. Yogeshwaran

The Strong Nine Dragon Tree Conjecture asserts that for any integers $k$ and $d$ any graph with fractional arboricity at most $k + \frac{d}{d+k+1}$ decomposes into $k+1$ forests, such that for at least one of the forests, every connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Benjamin Moore

Billey et al. [arXiv:1507.04976] have recently discovered a surprisingly simple formula for the number $a_n(\sigma)$ of leaf-labelled rooted non-embedded binary trees (also known as phylogenetic trees) with $n\geq 1$ leaves, fixed (for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-08 Éric Fusy

We obtain new non-asymptotic tail bounds for the height of uniformly random trees with a given degree sequence, simply generated trees and conditioned Bienaym\'e trees (the family trees of branching processes), in the process settling three…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Louigi Addario-Berry , Serte Donderwinkel

We prove the Strong Nine Dragon Tree Conjecture is true if we replace the edge bound with $d + \big\lceil k \big\lfloor\frac{d-1}{k+1}\big\rfloor \big(\frac{d}{k+1} - \frac{1}{2} \big\lceil\frac{d}{k+1}\big\rceil \big)\big\rceil \leq d +…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Sebastian Mies , Benjamin Moore

The diameter of a strongly connected $d$-dimensional simplicial complex is the diameter of its dual graph. We provide a probabilistic proof of the existence of $d$-dimensional simplicial complexes with diameter $ (\frac{1}{d \cdot d!} -…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-27 Tom Bohman , Andrew Newman

The result of Padrol asserts that for every $d\geq 4$, there exist $2^{\Omega(n\log n)}$ distinct combinatorial types of $\lfloor d/2\rfloor$-neighborly simplicial $(d-1)$-spheres with $n$ vertices. We present a construction showing that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-08 Isabella Novik , Hailun Zheng

We study the distribution and the popularity of left children on sets of treeshelves avoiding a pattern of size three. (Treeshelves are ordered binary increasing trees where every child is connected to its parent by a left or a right link.)…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-11-24 Jean-Luc Baril , Sergey Kirgizov , Vincent Vajnovszki

In this paper we show how to find nearly optimal embeddings of large trees in several natural classes of graphs. The size of the tree T can be as large as a constant fraction of the size of the graph G, and the maximum degree of T can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-07-17 Benny Sudakov , Jan Vondrak

Given a rooted tree and a ranking of its leaves, what is the minimum number of inversions of the leaves that can be attained by ordering the tree? This variation of the problem of counting inversions in arrays originated in mathematical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Ivan Hu , Dieter van Melkebeek , Andrew Morgan

Most of major algorithms for phylogenetic tree reconstruction assume that sequences in the analyzed set either do not have any offspring, or that parent sequences can maximally mutate into just two descendants. The graph resulting from such…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-10-09 Piotr Plonski , Jan P. Radomski
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