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Bayesian optimisation has proven to be a powerful tool for expensive global black-box optimisation problems. In this paper, we propose new Bayesian optimisation variants of the popular Knowledge Gradient acquisition functions for problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Xietao Wang Lin , Juan Ungredda , Max Butler , James Town , Alma Rahat , Hemant Singh , Juergen Branke

Three critical issues for causal inference that often occur in modern, complicated experiments are interference, treatment nonadherence, and missing outcomes. A great deal of research efforts has been dedicated to developing causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-06 Yuki Ohnishi , Arman Sabbaghi

Real world experiments are expensive, and thus it is important to reach a target in minimum number of experiments. Experimental processes often involve control variables that changes over time. Such problems can be formulated as a…

Causal discovery is a fundamental problem with applications spanning various areas in science and engineering. It is well understood that solely using observational data, one can only orient the causal graph up to its Markov equivalence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zihan Zhou , Muhammad Qasim Elahi , Murat Kocaoglu

A crucial task in system identification problems is the selection of the most appropriate model class, and is classically addressed resorting to cross-validation or using asymptotic arguments. As recently suggested in the literature, this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-06-09 Silvia Bonettini , Alessandro Chiuso , Marco Prato

The design of an experiment can be always be considered at least implicitly Bayesian, with prior knowledge used informally to aid decisions such as the variables to be studied and the choice of a plausible relationship between the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-03 David C. Woods , Antony M. Overstall , Maria Adamou , Timothy W. Waite

Bayesian optimization is a powerful global optimization technique for expensive black-box functions. One of its shortcomings is that it requires auxiliary optimization of an acquisition function at each iteration. This auxiliary…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-28 Ziyu Wang , Babak Shakibi , Lin Jin , Nando de Freitas

Most Bayesian response-adaptive designs unbalance randomization rates towards the most promising arms with the goal of increasing the number of positive treatment outcomes during the study, even though the primary aim of the trial is…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-02 Steffen Ventz , Matteo Cellamare , Sergio Bacallado , Lorenzo Trippa

I describe a framework for adaptive scientific exploration based on iterating an Observation--Inference--Design cycle that allows adjustment of hypotheses and observing protocols in response to the results of observation on-the-fly, as data…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Thomas J. Loredo

Robust decision making involves making decisions in the presence of uncertainty and is often used in critical domains such as healthcare, supply chains, and finance. Causality plays a crucial role in decision-making as it predicts the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-23 Saideep Nannapaneni , Joseph Sakaya , Kyle Caron , Pedro HM Albuquerque , Zaid Tashman

Bayesian optimal experimental design (OED) seeks to conduct the most informative experiment under budget constraints to update the prior knowledge of a system to its posterior from the experimental data in a Bayesian framework. Such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Rafael Orozco , Felix J. Herrmann , Peng Chen

We propose a variance-penalized formulation of Bayesian optimal experimental design for nonlinear models that augments the classical expected utility criterion with a penalty on utility variability, yielding a mean--variance objective that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-07 Wanggang Shen , Xun Huan

This paper focuses on Bayesian Optimization in combinatorial spaces. In many applications in the natural science. Broad applications include the study of molecules, proteins, DNA, device structures and quantum circuit designs, a on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Tony C. Wu , Daniel Flam-Shepherd , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Automatic Chemical Design is a framework for generating novel molecules with optimized properties. The original scheme, featuring Bayesian optimization over the latent space of a variational autoencoder, suffers from the pathology that it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-13 Ryan-Rhys Griffiths , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Uncertainty in state or model parameters is common in robotics and typically handled by acquiring system measurements that yield information about the uncertain quantities of interest. Inputs to a nonlinear dynamical system yield outcomes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Parker Ewen , Gitesh Gunjal , Joey Wilson , Jinsun Liu , Challen Enninful Adu , Ram Vasudevan

Optimising black-box functions is important in many disciplines, such as tuning machine learning models, robotics, finance and mining exploration. Bayesian optimisation is a state-of-the-art technique for the global optimisation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-05 John-Alexander M. Assael , Ziyu Wang , Bobak Shahriari , Nando de Freitas

Design of experiments has traditionally relied on the frequentist hypothesis testing framework where the optimal size of the experiment is specified as the minimum sample size that guarantees a required level of power. Sample size…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-07 Shirin Golchi , Luke Hagar

Machine learning algorithms frequently require careful tuning of model hyperparameters, regularization terms, and optimization parameters. Unfortunately, this tuning is often a "black art" that requires expert experience, unwritten rules of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-08-30 Jasper Snoek , Hugo Larochelle , Ryan P. Adams

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an effective technique for black-box optimization. However, its applicability is typically limited to moderate-budget problems due to the cubic complexity of fitting the Gaussian process (GP) surrogate model.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-13 Qiyu Wei , Haowei Wang , Zirui Cao , Songhao Wang , Richard Allmendinger , Mauricio A Álvarez

Bayesian optimization (BO) is one of the most effective methods for closed-loop experimental design and black-box optimization. However, a key limitation of BO is that it is an inherently sequential algorithm (one experiment is proposed per…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-21 Leonardo D. González , Victor M. Zavala