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We study an extension of the standard two-party communication model in which Alice and Bob hold probability distributions $p$ and $q$ over domains $X$ and $Y$, respectively. Their goal is to estimate \[ \mathbb{E}_{x \sim p,\, y \sim…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Parikshit Gopalan , Raghu Meka , Prasad Raghavendra , Mihir Singhal , Avi Wigderson

Since the seminal work of Paturi and Simon \cite[FOCS'84 & JCSS'86]{PS86}, the unbounded-error classical communication complexity of a Boolean function has been studied based on the arrangement of points and hyperplanes. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Kazuo Iwama , Harumichi Nishimura , Rudy Raymond , Shigeru Yamashita

For any $n$-bit boolean function $f$, we show that the randomized communication complexity of the composed function $f\circ g^n$, where $g$ is an index gadget, is characterized by the randomized decision tree complexity of $f$. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Mika Göös , Toniann Pitassi , Thomas Watson

We establish novel connections between magic in quantum circuits and communication complexity. In particular, we show that functions computable with low magic have low communication cost. Our first result shows that the $\mathsf{D}\|$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Uma Girish , Alex May , Natalie Parham , Henry Yuen

We show that for a relation $f\subseteq \{0,1\}^n\times \mathcal{O}$ and a function $g:\{0,1\}^{m}\times \{0,1\}^{m} \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ (with $m= O(\log n)$), $$\mathrm{R}_{1/3}(f\circ g^n) = \Omega\left(\mathrm{R}_{1/3}(f) \cdot…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Anurag Anshu , Naresh B. Goud , Rahul Jain , Srijita Kundu , Priyanka Mukhopadhyay

This paper studies the gap between quantum one-way communication complexity $Q(f)$ and its classical counterpart $C(f)$, under the {\em unbounded-error} setting, i.e., it is enough that the success probability is strictly greater than 1/2.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-09-18 Kazuo Iwama , Harumichi Nishimura , Rudy Raymond , Shigeru Yamashita

Communication complexity, which quantifies the minimum communication required for distributed computation, offers a natural setting for investigating the capabilities and limitations of quantum mechanics in information processing. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Nikolai Miklin , Prabhav Jain , Mariami Gachechiladze

We exhibit an $n$-bit partial function with randomized communication complexity $O(\log n)$ but such that any completion of this function into a total one requires randomized communication complexity $n^{\Omega(1)}$. In particular, this…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Mika Göös , Nathaniel Harms , Artur Riazanov , Anastasia Sofronova , Dmitry Sokolov , Weiqiang Yuan

We give an exponential separation between one-way quantum and classical communication complexity for a Boolean function. Earlier such a separation was known only for a relation. A very similar result was obtained earlier but independently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-29 Dmytro Gavinsky , Julia Kempe , Ronald de Wolf

We call $F:\{0, 1\}^n\times \{0, 1\}^n\to\{0, 1\}$ a symmetric XOR function if for a function $S:\{0, 1, ..., n\}\to\{0, 1\}$, $F(x, y)=S(|x\oplus y|)$, for any $x, y\in\{0, 1\}^n$, where $|x\oplus y|$ is the Hamming weight of the bit-wise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-20 Yaoyun Shi , Zhiqiang Zhang

We consider a standard distributed optimisation setting where $N$ machines, each holding a $d$-dimensional function $f_i$, aim to jointly minimise the sum of the functions $\sum_{i = 1}^N f_i (x)$. This problem arises naturally in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Dan Alistarh , Janne H. Korhonen

We derive lower bounds for tradeoffs between the communication C and space S for communicating circuits. The first such bound applies to quantum circuits. If for any function f with image Z the multicolor discrepancy of the communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Hartmut Klauck

We study quantum communication protocols, in which the players' storage starts out in a state where one qubit is in a pure state, and all other qubits are totally mixed (i.e. in a random state), and no other storage is available (for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-01 Hartmut Klauck , Debbie Lim

Building on the techniques behind the recent progress on the 3-term arithmetic progression problem [KM'23], Kelley, Lovett, and Meka [KLM'24] constructed the first explicit 3-player function $f:[N]^3 \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ that demonstrates a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Zander Kelley , Xin Lyu

We consider the randomized communication complexity of the distributed $\ell_p$-regression problem in the coordinator model, for $p\in (0,2]$. In this problem, there is a coordinator and $s$ servers. The $i$-th server receives $A^i\in\{-M,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Yi Li , Honghao Lin , David P. Woodruff

Let f subset of X x Y x Z be a relation. Let the public coin one-way communication complexity of f, with worst case error 1/3, be denoted R^{1,pub}_{1/3}(f). We show that if for computing f^k (k independent copies of f), o(k…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-10-15 Rahul Jain

An XOR function is a function of the form g(x,y) = f(x + y), for some boolean function f on n bits. We study the quantum and classical communication complexity of XOR functions. In the case of exact protocols, we completely characterise…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-10 Ashley Montanaro , Tobias Osborne

While exponential separations are known between quantum and randomized communication complexity for partial functions (Raz, STOC 1999), the best known separation between these measures for a total function is quadratic, witnessed by the…

We use the venerable "fooling set" method to prove new lower bounds on the quantum communication complexity of various functions. Let f:X x Y-->{0,1} be a Boolean function, fool^1(f) its maximal fooling set size among 1-inputs, Q_1^*(f) its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-09-26 Hartmut Klauck , Ronald de Wolf

We consider several models of 1-round classical and quantum communication, some of these models have not been defined before. We "almost separate" the models of simultaneous quantum message passing with shared entanglement and the model of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-29 Dmytro Gavinsky